Amino indole compounds useful as tlr inhibitors

ABSTRACT

Disclosed are compounds of Formula (I) or salts thereof, wherein G, R1, R5, R7, R8, and n are defined herein. Also disclosed are methods of using such compounds as inhibitors of signaling through Toll-like receptor 7, or 8, or 9, and pharmaceutical compositions comprising such compounds. These compounds are useful in treating inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.

CROSS REFERENCE

This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application Ser. No. 62/608,032 filed Dec. 20, 2017 which is incorporated herein in its entirety.

DESCRIPTION

The present invention generally relates to amino indole compounds useful as inhibitors of signaling through Toll-like receptor 7, 8, or 9 (TLR7, TLR8, TLR9) or combinations thereof. Provided herein are amino indole compounds, compositions comprising such compounds, and methods of their use. The invention further pertains to pharmaceutical compositions containing at least one compound according to the invention that are useful for the treatment of conditions related to TLR modulation, such as inflammatory and autoimmune diseases, and methods of inhibiting the activity of TLRs in a mammal.

Toll/IL-1 receptor family members are important regulators of inflammation and host resistance. The Toll-like receptor family recognizes molecular patterns derived from infectious organisms including bacteria, fungi, parasites, and viruses (reviewed in Kawai, T. et al., Nature Immunol., 11:373-384 (2010)). Ligand binding to the receptor induces dimerization and recruitment of adaptor molecules to a conserved cytoplasmic motif in the receptor termed the Toll/IL-1 receptor (TIR) domain. With the exception of TLR3, all TLRs recruit the adaptor molecule MyD88. The IL-1 receptor family also contains a cytoplasmic TIR motif and recruits MyD88 upon ligand binding (reviewed in Sims, J. E. et al., Nature Rev. Immunol., 10:89-102 (2010)).

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are a family of evolutionarily conserved, transmembrane innate immune receptors that participate in the first-line defense. As pattern recognition receptors, the TLRs protect against foreign molecules, activated by pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs), or from damaged tissue, activated by danger associated molecular patterns (DAMPs). A total of 13 TLR family members have been identified, 10 in human, that span either the cell surface or the endosomal compartment. TLR7/8/9 are among the set that are endosomally located and respond to single-stranded RNA (TLR7 and TLR8) or unmethylated single-stranded DNA containing cytosine-phosphate-guanine (CpG) motifs (TLR9).

Activation of TLR7/8/9 can initiate a variety of inflammatory responses (cytokine production, B cell activation and IgG production, Type I interferon response). In the case of autoimmune disorders, the aberrant sustained activation of TLR7/8/9 leads to worsening of disease states. Whereas overexpression of TLR7 in mice has been shown to exacerbate autoimmune disease, knockout of TLR7 in mice was found to be protective against disease in lupus-prone MRL/lpr mice. Dual knockout of TLR7 and 9 showed further enhanced protection.

As numerous conditions may benefit by treatment involving modulation of cytokines, IFN production and B cell activity, it is immediately apparent that new compounds capable of modulating TLR7 and/or TLR8 and/or TLR9 and methods of using these compounds could provide substantial therapeutic benefits to a wide variety of patients.

The present invention relates to a new class of amino indole compounds found to be effective inhibitors of signaling through TLR7/8/9. These compounds are provided to be useful as pharmaceuticals with desirable stability, bioavailability, therapeutic index, and toxicity values that are important to their drugability.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The present invention provides compounds of Formula (I) that are useful as inhibitors of signaling through Toll-like receptor 7, 8, or 9 and are useful for the treatment of proliferative diseases, allergic diseases, autoimmune diseases and inflammatory diseases, or stereoisomers, N-oxide, tautomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates or prodrugs thereof.

The present invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier and at least one of the compounds of the present invention or stereoisomers, tautomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, or prodrugs thereof.

The present invention also provides a method for inhibition of Toll-like receptor 7, 8, or 9 comprising administering to a host in need of such treatment a therapeutically effective amount of at least one of the compounds of the present invention or stereoisomers, tautomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, or prodrugs thereof.

The present invention also provides a method for treating proliferative, metabolic, allergic, autoimmune and inflammatory diseases, comprising administering to a host in need of such treatment a therapeutically effective amount of at least one of the compounds of the present invention or stereoisomers, tautomers, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, or prodrugs thereof.

The present invention also provides a method of treating a disease or disorder associated with Toll-like receptor 7, 8, or 9 activity, the method comprising administering to a mammal in need thereof, at least one of the compounds of Formula (I) or salts, solvates, and prodrugs thereof.

The present invention also provides processes and intermediates for making the compounds of Formula (I) including salts, solvates, and prodrugs thereof.

The present invention also provides at least one of the compounds of Formula (I) or salts, solvates, and prodrugs thereof, for use in therapy.

The present invention also provides the use of at least one of the compounds of Formula (I) or salts, solvates, and prodrugs thereof, for the manufacture of a medicament for the treatment of prophylaxis of Toll-like receptor 7, 8, or 9 related conditions, such as allergic disease, autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, and proliferative diseases.

The compound of Formula (I) and compositions comprising the compounds of Formula (I) may be used in treating, preventing, or curing various Toll-like receptor 7, 8, or 9 related conditions. Pharmaceutical compositions comprising these compounds are useful for treating, preventing, or slowing the progression of diseases or disorders in a variety of therapeutic areas, such as allergic disease, autoimmune diseases, inflammatory diseases, and proliferative diseases.

These and other features of the invention will be set forth in expanded form as the disclosure continues.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The first aspect of the present invention provides at least one compound of Formula (I):

N-oxide, or asalt thereof, wherein:

G is:

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv) a 9-membered heterocyclic ring selected from:

or (v) 10-membered heterocyclic ring selected from:

-   R₁ is H, Cl, —CN, C₁₋₄alkyl, C₁₋₃ fluoroalkyl, C₁₋₃ hydroxyalkyl,     C₁₋₃ hydroxy-fluoroalkyl, —CR_(v)═CH₂, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, —CH₂(C₃₋₆     cycloalkyl), —C(O)O(C₁₋₃ alkyl), or tetrahydropyranyl; -   each R₂ is independently halo, —CN, —OH, —NO₂, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₂     fluoroalkyl, C₁₋₂ cyanoalkyl, C₁₋₃ hydroxyalkyl, C₁₋₃ aminoalkyl,     —(CH₂)₁₋₂OH, —(CH₂)₀₋₄O(C₁₋₄ alkyl), C₁₋₃ fluoroalkoxy,     —(CH₂)₁₋₄O(C₁₋₃alkyl), —(CH₂)₁₋₂OC(O)(C₁₋₃ alkyl),     —O(CH₂)₁₋₂NR_(x)R_(x), —C(O)O(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —(CH₂)₀₋₂C(O)NR_(y)R_(y),     —C(O)NR_(x)(C₁₋₅ hydroxyalkyl), —C(O)NR_(x)(C₂₋₆ alkoxyalkyl),     —C(O)NR_(x)(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl), —NR_(y)R_(y), —NR_(y)(C₁₋₃     fluoroalkyl), —NR_(y)(C₁₋₄ hydroxyalkyl), —NR_(x)CH₂(phenyl),     —NR_(x)S(O)₂(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl), —NR_(x)C(O)(C₁₋₃ alkyl),     —NR_(x)CH₂(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl), —(CH₂)₀₋₂S(O)₂(C₁₋₃ alkyl),     —(CH₂)₀₋₂(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl), —(CH₂)₀₋₂(phenyl), morpholinyl,     dioxothiomorpholinyl, dimethyl pyrazolyl, methylpiperidinyl,     methylpiperazinyl, amino-oxadiazolyl, imidazolyl, triazolyl, or     —C(O)(thiazolyl); -   R_(2a) is C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₃ fluoroalkyl, C₁₋₆ hydroxyalkyl, C₁₋₃     aminoalkyl, —(CH₂)₀₋₄O(C₁₋₃ alkyl), C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl,     —(CH₂)₁₋₃C(O)NR_(x)R_(x), —CH₂(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl), —CH₂(phenyl),     tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, or phenyl; -   each R_(2b) is independently H, halo, —CN, —NR_(x)R_(x), C₁₋₆ alkyl,     C₁₋₃ fluoroalkyl, C₁₋₃ hydroxyalkyl, C₁₋₃ fluoroalkoxy,     —(CH₂)₀₋₂O(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —(CH₂)₀₋₃C(O)NR_(x)R_(x), —(CH₂)₁₋₃(C₃₋₆     cycloalkyl), —C(O)O(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —C(O)NR_(x)(C₁₋₃ alkyl),     —CR_(x)═CR_(x)R_(x), or —CR_(x)═CH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl); -   R_(2c) is R_(2a) or R_(2b); -   R_(2d) is R_(2a) or R_(2b); provided that one of R_(2c) and R_(2d)     is R_(2a), and the other of R_(2c) and R_(2d) is R_(2b); -   each R₅ is independently F, Cl, —CN, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₂ fluoroalkyl,     or —OCH₃; -   R₇ is:     -   (i) R_(7a), —CH₂R_(7a), —C(O)R_(7a), —C(O)CH(NH₂)R_(7a),         —C(O)(CH₂)₁₋₃NH₂, —C(O)CH(NH₂)(C₁₋₄ alkyl),         —C(O)CH(NH₂)(CH₂)₁₋₂C(O)OH, —C(O)CH(NH₂)(CH₂)₂₋₄NH₂, or         —C(O)CH(NH₂)(CH₂)₁₋₃C(O)NH₂; or     -   (ii) C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl substituted with one substituent selected         from —NR_(x)(CH₂)₂₋₃NR_(y)R_(y), —NR_(x)(methylpiperidinyl),         —NR_(x)(CH₂)₂₋₃(morpholinyl), dimethylamino piperidinyl, and         piperazinyl substituted with a substituent selected from C₁₋₄         alkyl, —C(O)CH₃, —(CH₂)₁₋₂OCH₃, —CH₂(methylphenyl),         —(CH₂)₂₋₃(pyrrolidinyl), C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, pyridinyl, and         methylpiperidinyl; -   R_(7a) is azaspiro[3.5]nonanyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl,     diazaspiro[3.5]nonanyl, diazaspiro[5.5]undecanyl, diazepanonyl,     diazepanyl, morpholinyl, phenyl, piperazinyl, piperidinyl,     pyrrolidinonyl, pyrrolidinyl, or pyrrolyl, each substituted with     zero to 1 substituent selected from C₁₋₃ alkyl, —NH₂,     methylpiperidinyl, methylpyrrolidinyl, —OCH₂CH₂(pyrrolidinyl), and     —OCH₂CH₂NHCH₂CH₃; and zero to 4 substituents selected from —CH₃; -   R_(7b) is:     -   (i) C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₃ hydroxyalkyl, —(CH₂)₂₋₃C≡CH,         —(CH₂)₁₋₂O(C₁₋₂ alkyl), —(CH₂)₁₋₂S(O)₂(C₁₋₂ alkyl),         —(CH₂)₀₋₃NR_(x)R_(y), —CH₂C(O)NR_(x)R_(x), —NR_(x)(C₁₋₄         hydroxyalkyl), —NR_(y)(C₁₋₂ cyanoalkyl), —NR_(x)(C₁₋₂         fluoroalkyl), —NR_(x)(C₂₋₄ hydroxyfluoroalkyl),         —NR_(x)(CH₂)₁₋₂C(O)NR_(x)R_(x), —NR_(x)(CH₂)₁₋₃NR_(x)R_(x),         —NR_(x)CH₂CH₂NR_(x)R_(x), —NR_(x)C(O)(CH₂)₁₋₂NR_(x)R_(x),         —O(CH₂)₁₋₃NR_(x)R_(x), —C(O)CH₂NR_(x)R_(x), —(CH₂)₁₋₂R_(7d),         —NHR_(7d), —NH(CH₂)₁₋₂R_(7a), or —OR_(7d); or     -   (ii) azepanyl, azetidinyl, diazepanyl, dioxothiomorpholinyl,         morpholinyl, oxaazaspiro[3.3]heptanyl, oxetanyl, piperazinonyl,         piperazinyl, piperidinyl, pyridinyl, pyrrolidinonyl,         pyrrolidinyl, or tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, each substituted with         zero to 1 R_(8a) and zero to 3 R_(8b); -   each R_(7c) is independently F, Cl, —CN, C₁₋₂ alkyl, —CF₃, or     —CH₂CN; -   R_(7d) is azaspiro[3.5]nonanyl, bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanyl, C₃₋₆     cycloalkyl, morpholinyl, oxetanyl, phenyl, piperidinyl, pyrazolyl,     pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, or tetrahydropyranyl, each     substituted with zero to 1 substituent selected from C₁₋₃ alkyl,     —NR_(x)R_(x), —C(O)CH₃, methylpiperidinyl, methylpyrrolidinyl,     tetramethylpiperidinyl, —OCH₂CH₂(pyrrolidinyl), and     —OCH₂CH₂NHCH₂CH₃; and zero to 4 substituents selected from —CH₃; -   R₈ is H or C₁₋₃ alkyl; -   or R₇ and R₈ together with the nitrogen atom to which they are     attached form a heterocyclic ring selected from azetidinyl,     diazepanonyl, diazepanyl, diazaspiro[3.5]nonanyl,     diazaspiro[5.5]undecanyl, imidazolyl, imidazolidinonyl,     octahydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridinyl, piperazinyl, piperidinyl,     pyrrolidinonyl, pyrrolidinyl, and pyrrolyl, wherein said     heterocyclic ring is substituted with zero to 1 R_(7b) and zero to 2     R_(7c); -   R_(8a) is —OH, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ fluoroalkyl, C₁₋₄ hydroxyalkyl,     —(CH₂)₁₋₂O(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —C(O)(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —(CH₂)₁₋₂(C₃₋₆     cycloalkyl), —(CH₂)₁₋₃(methyl phenyl), —(CH₂)₁₋₃(pyrrolidinyl),     —(CH₂)₁₋₃(methylpyrazolyl), —(CH₂)₁₋₃(thiophenyl), —NR_(x)R_(x),     C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, methylpiperidinyl, pyridinyl, or pyrimidinyl; -   each R_(8b) is independently F, Cl, —CN, C₁₋₃ alkyl, or —CF₃; -   R_(v) is H, C₁₋₂ alkyl, or C₁₋₂ fluoroalkyl; -   each R_(x) is independently H or —CH₃; -   each R_(y) is independently H or C₁₋₆ alkyl; -   n is zero, 1, or 2; and -   p is zero, 1, 2, 3, or 4.

One embodiment provides a compound of Formula (I) or a salt thereof wherein G is:

and R₁, R₅, R₇, R₈, and n are defined in the first aspect.

One embodiment provides a compound of Formula (I), N-oxide, or a salt thereof wherein G is:

and R₁, R₂, R₅, R₇, R₈, n, and p are defined in the first aspect.

One embodiment provides a compound of Formula (I) or a salt thereof wherein G is

and R₁, R_(2a), R_(2b), R_(2c), R_(2d), R₅, R₇, R₈, n, and p are defined in the first aspect. Included in this embodiment are compounds in which R_(2a) is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₂ fluoroalkyl, C₁₋₄ hydroxyalkyl, —(CH₂)₁₋₃OCH₃, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, —CH₂C(O)NR_(x)R_(x), —CH₂(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl), —CH₂(phenyl), tetrahydrofuranyl, or phenyl; and each R_(2b) is independently H, F, Cl, —CN, —NR_(x)R_(x), C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₂ fluoroalkyl, C₁₋₃ hydroxyalkyl, —(CH₂)₀₋₂O(C₁₋₂ alkyl), —(CH₂)₀₋₂C(O)NR_(x)R_(x), —(CH₂)₁₋₃(cyclopropyl), —C(O)O(C₁₋₂ alkyl), —C(O)NR_(x)(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —CR_(x)═CH₂, or —CH═CH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl). Also included in this embodiment are compounds in which R_(2a) is —CH₃; and each R_(2b) is independently H, Cl, or —CH₃.

One embodiment provides a compound of Formula (I) or a salt thereof wherein G is a 9-membered heterocyclic ring selected from:

and R₁, R₂, R₅, R₇, R₈, n, and p are defined in the first aspect.

One embodiment provides a compound of Formula (I) or a salt thereof wherein G is a 10-membered heterocyclic ring selected from:

and R₁, R₂, R₅, R₇, R₈, n, and p are defined in the first aspect.

One embodiment provides a compound of Formula (I), N-oxide, or a salt thereof wherein G is:

(i)

or (iv)

and R₁, R₂, R_(2a), R_(2b), R₅, R₇, R₈, n, and p are defined in the first aspect. Included in this embodiment are compounds in which R₁ is —CH₃, —CH₂CH₃, or —CH(CH₃)₂; each R₂ is independently Cl, —CH₃, or —OCH₃; R_(2a) is —CH₃; each R_(2b) is independently H, Cl, or —CH₃; R₇ is: (i) —CH₂(isopropyl azaspiro[3.5]nonanyl), —CH₂(methylpyrrolidinyl), —C(O)(CH₂)₁₋₃NH₂, —C(O)CH(NH₂)CH₂CH₂CH₃, —C(O)CH(NH₂)CH₂CH(CH₃)₂, —C(O)CH(NH₂)CH(CH₃)CH₂CH₃, —C(O)CH(NH₂)CH₂CH₂C(O)OH, —C(O)CH(NH₂)(CH₂)₃₋₄NH₂, —C(O)CH(NH₂)(CH₂)₁₋₂C(O)NH₂, —C(O)CH(NH₂)(cyclohexyl), —C(O)CH(NH₂)(phenyl), —C(O)(aminocyclohexyl), —C(O)(morpholinyl), —C(O)(pyrrolidinyl), pentamethylpiperidinyl, methylpiperidinyl-piperidinyl, methylpyrrolidinyl-pyrrolidinyl, or phenyl substituted with —OCH₂CH₂(pyrrolidinyl) or —OCH₂CH₂NHCH₂CH₃; or (ii) cyclohexyl substituted with —NR_(x)(CH₂)₂₋₃N(CH₃)₂, —NHCH₂CH₂NHCH₃, —NH(methylpiperidinyl), —NH(CH₂)₂₋₃(morpholinyl), dimethylamino piperidinyl, or piperazinyl substituted with —CH₃, —CH₂CH₃, —C(CH₃)₃, —CH₂CH(CH₃)₂, —C(O)CH₃, —CH₂CH₂OCH₃, —CH₂(methylphenyl), —(CH₂)₂₋₃(pyrrolidinyl), cyclopentyl, pyridinyl, or methylpiperidinyl; R₈ is H, —CH₃ or —CH₂CH₃; or R₇ and R₈ together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a heterocyclic ring selected from azetidinyl, diazepanonyl, diazepanyl, diazaspiro[3.5]nonanyl, diazaspiro[5.5]undecanyl, imidazolidinonyl, octahydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridinyl, piperazinyl, piperidinyl, pyrrolidinonyl, and pyrrolidinyl, wherein said heterocyclic ring is substituted with zero to 1 R_(7b) and zero to 2 R_(7c); R_(7b) is: (i) —CH₃, —CH(CH₃)₂, —C(CH₃)₂OH, —CH₂CH₂CH₂C≡CH, —CH₂CH₂NH(CH₃), —CH₂CH₂N(CH₃)₂, —NR_(x)R_(x), —NHCH₂CH₂NH(CH₃), —NHCH₂CH₂N(CH₃)₂, —N(CH₃)CH₂CH₂NH₂, —NR_(x)CH₂CH₂CH₂N(CH₃)₂, —OCH₂CH₂N(CH₃)₂, —CH₂(phenyl), —CH₂(methyl pyrazolyl), —CH₂CH₂(pyrrolidinyl), —NH(methylpiperidinyl), —NH(isopropylpiperidinyl), —NH(pentamethylpiperidinyl), —NH(acetylpiperidinyl), —NHCH₂CH₂(morpholinyl), —O(piperidinyl), —O(methylpiperidinyl), —O(ethylpiperidinyl), —O(isopropylpiperidinyl), or —O(piperidinyl)-(tetramethylpiperidinyl); or (ii) azepanyl, diazepanyl, morpholinyl, piperazinyl, piperidinyl, pyridinyl, pyrrolidinonyl, pyrrolidinyl, or tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, each substituted with zero to 1 R_(8a) and zero to 3 R_(8b); each R_(7c) is independently —CH₃ or —CH₂CN; R_(8a) is —OH, —CH₃, —CH₂CH₃, —CH(CH₃)₂, —C(CH₃)₃, —CH₂CH(CH₃)₂, —CH₂CH₂OCH₃, —CH₂CH₂CF₃, —C(O)CH₃, —CH₂(cyclopropyl), —CH₂(methyl phenyl), —(CH₂)₂₋₃(pyrrolidinyl), —CH₂(methylpyrazolyl), —CH₂(thiophenyl), —NR_(x)R_(x), cyclopentyl, methylpiperidinyl, or pyridinyl; each R_(8b) is —CH₃; each R₅ is independently —CH₃ or —CH(CH₃)₂; each R_(x) is independently H or —CH₃; n is zero or 1; and p is zero, 1, 2, or 3.

One embodiment provides a compound of Formula (I), N-oxide, or a salt thereof wherein R₁ is H, Cl, —CN, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₃ fluoroalkyl, C₁₋₃ hydroxyalkyl, C₁₋₃ hydroxy-fluoroalkyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, —CH₂(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl), or —C(O)O(C₁₋₃ alkyl); and G, R₅, R₇, R₈, and n are defined in the first aspect. Included in this embodiment are compounds in which R₁ is H, Cl, —CN, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₂ fluoroalkyl, C₁₋₂ hydroxyalkyl, or —C(O)O(C₁₋₂ alkyl). Also included in this embodiment are compounds in which R₁ is —CH₃, —CH₂CH₃, or —CH(CH₃)₂.

One embodiment provides a compound of Formula (I), N-oxide, or a salt thereof wherein each R₂ is independently F, Cl, Br, —CN, —OH, —NO₂, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₂ fluoroalkyl, C₁₋₂ cyanoalkyl, C₁₋₃ hydroxyalkyl, C₁₋₃ aminoalkyl, —OCH₂OH, —(CH₂)₀₋₂O(C₁₋₄ alkyl), C₁₋₂ fluoroalkoxy, —(CH₂)₁₋₂O(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —O(CH₂)₁₋₂OC(O)(C₁₋₂ alkyl), —O(CH₂)₁₋₂NR_(x)R_(x), —C(O)O(C₁₋₂ alkyl), —C(O)NR_(y)R_(y), —C(O)NR_(x)(C₁₋₅ hydroxyalkyl), —C(O)NR_(x)(C₂₋₆ alkoxyalkyl), —C(O)NR_(x)(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl), —NR_(y)R_(y), —NR_(y)(C₁₋₃ fluoroalkyl), —NR_(y)(C₁₋₄ hydroxyalkyl), —NR_(x)C(O)(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —S(O)₂(C₁₋₃ alkyl), C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, phenyl, morpholinyl, dioxothiomorpholinyl, dimethyl pyrazolyl, methylpiperidinyl, methylpiperazinyl, amino-oxadiazolyl, imidazolyl, or triazolyl; and G, R₁, R₅, R₇, R₈, R_(x), R_(y), n, and p are defined in the first aspect. Included in this embodiment are compounds in which each R₂ is independently F, Cl, —CN, —OH, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₂ fluoroalkyl, C₂ cyanoalkyl, C₃ hydroxyalkyl, C₁₋₃ aminoalkyl, C₁₋₄ alkoxy, —NR_(y)R_(y), —C(O)NR_(y)R_(y), —C(O)NR_(x)(C₁₋₄ hydroxyalkyl), —C(O)NR_(x)(C₂₋₄ alkoxyalkyl), —C(O)NR_(x)(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl), —S(O)₂(C₁₋₃ alkyl), C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, morpholinyl, phenyl, or dimethyl pyrazolyl. Also included in this embodiment are compounds in which each R₂ is independently Cl, —CH₃, or —OCH₃. Additionally, included in this embodiment are compounds in which each R₂ is independently Cl, —CH₃, or —OCH₃; and p is zero, 1, 2, or 3.

One embodiment provides a compound of Formula (I), N-oxide, or a salt thereof wherein R₇ is —CH₂R_(7a), —C(O)(CH₂)₁₋₃NH₂, —C(O)CH(NH₂)(C₁₋₄ alkyl), —C(O)CH(NH₂)(CH₂)₁₋₂C(O)OH, —C(O)CH(NH₂)(CH₂)₂₋₄NH₂, —C(O)CH(NH₂)(CH₂)₁₋₃C(O)NH₂, —C(O)CH(NH₂)R_(7a), —C(O)R_(7a), or R_(7a); R₈ is H or C₁₋₃ alkyl; and G, R₁, R₅, R_(7a), and n are defined in the first aspect. Included in this embodiment are compounds in which R₇ is —CH₂R_(7a), —C(O)(CH₂)₁₋₃NH₂, —C(O)CH(NH₂)(C₁₋₄ alkyl), —C(O)CH(NH₂)(CH₂)₁₋₂C(O)OH, —C(O)CH(NH₂)(CH₂)₂₋₄NH₂, —C(O)CH(NH₂)(CH₂)₁₋₃C(O)NH₂, —C(O)CH(NH₂)R_(7a), —C(O)R_(7a), or R_(7a). Also included in this embodiment are compounds in which R₇ is —CH₂(isopropyl azaspiro[3.5]nonanyl), —CH₂(methylpyrrolidinyl), —C(O)(CH₂)₁₋₃NH₂, —C(O)CH(NH₂)CH₂CH₂CH₃, —C(O)CH(NH₂)CH₂CH(CH₃)₂, —C(O)CH(NH₂)CH(CH₃)CH₂CH₃, —C(O)CH(NH₂)CH₂CH₂C(O)OH, —C(O)CH(NH₂)(CH₂)₃₋₄NH₂, —C(O)CH(NH₂)(CH₂)₁₋₂C(O)NH₂, —C(O)CH(NH₂)(cyclohexyl), —C(O)CH(NH₂)(phenyl), —C(O)(aminocyclohexyl), —C(O)(morpholinyl), —C(O)(pyrrolidinyl), pentamethylpiperidinyl, methylpiperidinyl-piperidinyl, methylpyrrolidinyl-pyrrolidinyl, or phenyl substituted with —OCH₂CH₂(pyrrolidinyl) or —OCH₂CH₂NHCH₂CH₃; and R₈ is H or C₁₋₂ alkyl.

One embodiment provides a compound of Formula (I), N-oxide, or a salt thereof wherein R₇ is C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl substituted with one substituent selected from —NR_(x)(CH₂)₂₋₃NR_(y)R_(y), —NR_(x)(methylpiperidinyl), —NR_(x)(CH₂)₂₋₃(morpholinyl), dimethylamino piperidinyl, and piperazinyl substituted with a substituent selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, —C(O)CH₃, —(CH₂)₁₋₂OCH₃, —CH₂(methylphenyl), —(CH₂)₂₋₃(pyrrolidinyl), C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, pyridinyl, and methylpiperidinyl; R₈ is H or C₁₋₃ alkyl; and G, R₁, R₅, R_(x), R_(y), and n are defined in the first aspect. Included in this embodiment are compounds in which C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl substituted with one substituent selected from —NR_(x)(CH₂)₂₋₃NR_(x)R_(x), —NH(CH₂)₂₋₃NHCH₃, —NH(methylpiperidinyl), —NH(CH₂)₂₋₃(morpholinyl), dimethylamino piperidinyl, and piperazinyl substituted with a substituent selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, —C(O)CH₃, —(CH₂)₁₋₂OCH₃, —CH₂(methylphenyl), —(CH₂)₂₋₃(pyrrolidinyl), C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, pyridinyl, and methylpiperidinyl. Also included in this embodiment are compounds in which R₈ is cyclohexyl substituted with —NR_(x)(CH₂)₂₋₃N(CH₃)₂, —NHCH₂CH₂NHCH₃, —NH(methylpiperidinyl), —NH(CH₂)₂₋₃(morpholinyl), dimethylamino piperidinyl, or piperazinyl substituted with —CH₃, —CH₂CH₃, —C(CH₃)₃, —CH₂CH(CH₃)₂, —C(O)CH₃, —CH₂CH₂OCH₃, —CH₂(methylphenyl), —(CH₂)₂₋₃(pyrrolidinyl), cyclopentyl, pyridinyl, or methylpiperidinyl; and R₈ is H or C₁₋₂ alkyl.

One embodiment provides a compound of Formula (I), N-oxide, or a salt thereof wherein R₇ and R₈ together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a heterocyclic ring selected from azetidinyl, diazepanonyl, diazepanyl, diazaspiro[3.5]nonanyl, diazaspiro[5.5]undecanyl, imidazolyl, imidazolidinonyl, octahydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-b] pyridinyl, piperazinyl, piperidinyl, pyrrolidinonyl, pyrrolidinyl, and pyrrolyl, wherein said heterocyclic ring is substituted with zero to 1 R_(7b) and zero to 2 R_(7c); and G, R₁, R₅, R_(7b), R_(7c), and n are defined in the first aspect. Included in this embodiment are compounds in which R₇ and R₈ together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a heterocyclic ring selected from azetidinyl, diazepanonyl, diazepanyl, diazaspiro[3.5]nonanyl, diazaspiro[5.5]undecanyl, imidazolidinonyl, octahydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridinyl, piperazinyl, piperidinyl, pyrrolidinonyl, and pyrrolidinyl, wherein said heterocyclic ring is substituted with zero to 1 R_(7b) and zero to 2 R_(7c). Also included in this embodiment are compounds in which R_(7b) is: (i) —CH₃, —CH(CH₃)₂, —C(CH₃)₂OH, —CH₂CH₂CH₂C≡CH, —CH₂CH₂NH(CH₃), —CH₂CH₂N(CH₃)₂, —NR_(x)R_(x), —NHCH₂CH₂NH(CH₃), —NHCH₂CH₂N(CH₃)₂, —N(CH₃)CH₂CH₂NH₂, —NR_(x)CH₂CH₂CH₂N(CH₃)₂, —OCH₂CH₂N(CH₃)₂, —CH₂(phenyl), —CH₂(methyl pyrazolyl), —CH₂CH₂(pyrrolidinyl), —NH(methylpiperidinyl), —NH(isopropylpiperidinyl), —NH(pentamethylpiperidinyl), —NH(acetylpiperidinyl), —NHCH₂CH₂(morpholinyl), —O(piperidinyl), —O(methylpiperidinyl), —O(ethylpiperidinyl), —O(isopropylpiperidinyl), or —O(piperidinyl)-(tetramethylpiperidinyl); or (ii) azepanyl, diazepanyl, morpholinyl, piperazinyl, piperidinyl, pyridinyl, pyrrolidinonyl, pyrrolidinyl, or tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, each substituted with zero to 1 R_(8a) and zero to 3 R_(8b); and each R_(7c) is independently —CH₃ or —CH₂CN; and R_(x), R_(8a), and R_(8b) are defined in the first aspect.

One embodiment provides a compound of Formula (I), N-oxide, or a salt thereof wherein R_(7b) is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₃ hydroxyalkyl, —(CH₂)₂₋₃C≡CH, —(CH₂)₀₋₃NR_(x)R_(x), —NR_(x)(CH₂)₁₋₃NR_(x)R_(x), —N(CH₃)CH₂CH₂NH₂, —O(CH₂)₁₋₃NR_(x)R_(x), —(CH₂)₁₋₂R_(7d), —NR_(x)R_(7d), —NR_(x)(CH₂)₁₋₂R_(7a), or —OR_(7d); and G, R₁, R₅, R₇, R₈, R_(7d), R_(x), and n are defined in the first aspect. Included in this embodiment are compounds in which R_(7b) is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₃ hydroxyalkyl, —(CH₂)₂₋₃C≡CH, —(CH₂)₀₋₃NR_(x)R_(x), —NR_(x)(CH₂)₁₋₃NR_(x)R_(x), —N(CH₃)CH₂CH₂NH₂, —O(CH₂)₁₋₃NR_(x)R_(x), —(CH₂)₁₋₂R_(7d), —NHR_(7d), —NH(CH₂)₁₋₂R_(7d), or —OR_(7d). Also included in this embodiment are compounds in which R_(7b) is —CH₃, —CH(CH₃)₂, —C(CH₃)₂OH, —CH₂CH₂CH₂C≡CH, —CH₂CH₂NH(CH₃), —CH₂CH₂N(CH₃)₂, —NR_(x)R_(x), —NHCH₂CH₂NH(CH₃), —NHCH₂CH₂N(CH₃)₂, —N(CH₃)CH₂CH₂NH₂, —NR_(x)CH₂CH₂CH₂N(CH₃)₂, —OCH₂CH₂N(CH₃)₂, —CH₂(phenyl), —CH₂(methyl pyrazolyl), —CH₂CH₂(pyrrolidinyl), —NH(methylpiperidinyl), —NH(isopropylpiperidinyl), —NH(pentamethylpiperidinyl), —NH(acetylpiperidinyl), —NHCH₂CH₂(morpholinyl), —O(piperidinyl), —O(methylpiperidinyl), —O(ethylpiperidinyl), —O(isopropylpiperidinyl), or —O(piperidinyl)-(tetramethylpiperidinyl).

One embodiment provides a compound of Formula (I), N-oxide, or a salt thereof wherein R_(7b) is azepanyl, diazepanyl, morpholinyl, piperazinyl, piperidinyl, pyridinyl, pyrrolidinonyl, pyrrolidinyl, or tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, each substituted with zero to 1 R_(8a) and zero to 3 R_(8b); each R_(7c) is independently F, Cl, —CN, C₁₋₂ alkyl, —CF₃, or —CH₂CN; and G, R₁, R₅, R₇, R₈, and n are defined in the first aspect. Included in this embodiment are compounds in which R_(7b) is azepanyl, diazepanyl, morpholinyl, piperazinyl, piperidinyl, pyridinyl, pyrrolidinonyl, pyrrolidinyl, or tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, each substituted with zero to 1 R_(8a) and zero to 3 R_(8b); R_(8a) is —OH, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₃ fluoroalkyl, —(CH₂)₁₋₂O(C₁₋₂ alkyl), —C(O)(C₁₋₂ alkyl), —CH₂(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl), —(CH₂)₁₋₂(methyl phenyl), —(CH₂)₁₋₃(pyrrolidinyl), —(CH₂)₁₋₂(methylpyrazolyl), —(CH₂)₁₋₂(thiophenyl), —NR_(x)R_(x), C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, methylpiperidinyl, or pyridinyl; each R_(8b) is independently F or —CH₃; and each R_(x) is independently H or —CH₃. Also included in this embodiment are compounds in which wherein R_(7b) is azepanyl, diazepanyl, morpholinyl, piperazinyl, piperidinyl, pyridinyl, pyrrolidinonyl, pyrrolidinyl, or tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, each substituted with zero to 1 R_(8a) and zero to 3 R_(8b).

One embodiment provides a compound of Formula (I), N-oxide, or a salt thereof wherein each R₅ is independently F, Cl, —CN, C₁₋₃ alkyl, —CF₃, or —OCH₃; n is zero, 1, or 2; and G, R₁, R₇, R₈, and n are defined in the first aspect. Included in this embodiment are compounds in which each R₅ is independently F, Cl, C₁₋₃ alkyl, —CF₃, or —OCH₃. Also included in this embodiment are compounds in which each R₅ is independently —CH₃ or —CH(CH₃)₂. This embodiment also includes compounds in which n is zero or 1.

One embodiment provides a compound of Formula (I), N-oxide, or a salt thereof wherein said compound is (R)—N-(3-isopropyl-2-(1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxamide (9); (S)—N-(3-isopropyl-2-(1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl) pyrrolidine-3-carboxamide (10); 2-amino-N-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)acetamide (11); 4-amino-N-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)butanamide (12); N-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl) pyrrolidine-3-carboxamide (13); (R)-2-amino-N-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)pentanamide (14); N-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)morpholine-2-carboxamide (15); (R)-2-amino-N-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-4-methylpentanamide (16); (2R,3R)-2-amino-N-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-3-methylpentanamide (17); (S)-2-amino-N1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)succinamide (18); (R)-2-amino-N1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)succinamide (19); (S)-2,5-diamino-N-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)pentanamide (20); (1R,2S)-2-amino-N-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)cyclohexane-1-carboxamide (21); (R)-2-amino-N1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)pentanediamide (22); (S)-2,6-diamino-N-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)hexanamide (23); (S)-4-amino-5-((2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)amino)-5-oxopentanoic acid (24); (S)-2-amino-N-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-2-phenylacetamide (25); (S)-2-amino-2-cyclohexyl-N-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)acetamide (26); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-N,3-diethyl-N-(1′-methyl-1,4′-bipiperidin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-amine (28); N1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-N4-(2-(methylamino)ethyl)cyclohexane-1,4-diamine (30-31); N1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-N4-(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)cyclohexane-1,4-diamine (32-33); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-N-(4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)cyclohexyl)-1H-indol-5-amine (34); N1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-N4-(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)-N4-methylcyclohexane-1,4-diamine (35); N1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-N4-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl) cyclohexane-1,4-diamine (36-37); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(4-(4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl) cyclohexyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-amine (38-39); N1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-N4-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)cyclohexane-1,4-diamine (40-41); N1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-N4-(3-(dimethylamino) propyl)-N4-methylcyclohexane-1,4-diamine (42-43); 1-(4-(4-((2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)amino) cyclohexyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethan-1-one (44-45); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(4-(4-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl)cyclohexyl)-3-isopropyl-H-indol-5-amine (46); N1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-N4-(2-morpholinoethyl)cyclohexane-1,4-diamine (47-48); N-(4-(4-(tert-butyl)piperazin-1-yl) cyclohexyl)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-amine (49-50); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(4-(4-isobutylpiperazin-1-yl)cyclohexyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-amine (51-53); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-N-(4-(4-(2-methoxyethyl) piperazin-1-yl)cyclohexyl)-1H-indol-5-amine (54); N1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-N4-(3-morpholinopropyl)cyclohexane-1,4-diamine (55-56); N-(4-(4-cyclopentylpiperazin-1-yl) cyclohexyl)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-amine (57-58); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-N-(4-(4-(pyridin-4-yl) piperazin-1-yl)cyclohexyl)-1H-indol-5-amine (59-60); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-N-(4-(4-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)cyclohexyl)-1H-indol-5-amine (61-62); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-N-(4-(4-(2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl) piperazin-1-yl) cyclohexyl)-1H-indol-5-amine (63-64); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-N-(4-(4-(4-methylbenzyl)piperazin-1-yl)cyclohexyl)-1H-indol-5-amine (65-66); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-N-(4-(4-(3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)propyl)piperazin-1-yl) cyclohexyl)-1H-indol-5-amine (67); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-N-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-amine (103); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-N-methyl-N-((1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)methyl)-1H-indol-5-amine (104); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(4-(2-(ethylamino)ethoxy)phenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-amine (105); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-N-(4-(2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethoxy) phenyl)-1H-indol-5-amine (106); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-N-((7-isopropyl-7-azaspiro[3.5]nonan-2-yl)methyl)-1H-indol-5-amine (124); or 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-N-(1′-methyl-[1,4′-bipiperidin]-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-amine (125).

In one embodiment, a compound of Formula (I) or a salt thereof is provided wherein said compound is 1-(3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)-3-((2-(methylamino)ethyl)amino) pyrrolidin-2-one (1); 3-((2-aminoethyl)(methyl)amino)-1-(3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)pyrrolidin-2-one (2); 1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-3-(dimethylamino)pyrrolidin-2-one (3-4); 1-(2-(2,6-dimethylpyridin-4-yl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-3-(4-isopropylpiperazin-1-yl) pyrrolidin-2-one (5-6); 3-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)-1-(3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)pyrrolidin-2-one (7); 1-(3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)imidazolidin-2-one (8); 1-(3-isopropyl-2-(1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)imidazolidin-2-one (27); 5-(3-(1,4-diazepan-1-yl)azetidin-1-yl)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indole (29); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-112-piperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole (68); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-6-isopropyl-5-(4-(1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole (69); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (70); 2-(1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperidin-4-yl)-N,N-dimethylethan-1-amine (71); N1-(1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperidin-4-yl)-N2-methylethane-1,2-diamine (72); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(piperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (73); 4-(1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperidin-4-yl)morpholine (74); N1-(1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperidin-4-yl)-N2,N2-dimethylethane-1,2-diamine (75); N1-(1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-H-indol-5-yl)piperidin-4-yl)-N3,N3-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine (76-77); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-(4-(4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indole (78); 1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-N-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)piperidin-4-amine (79); 4-(1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-H-indol-5-yl) piperidin-4-yl)-2,6-dimethylmorpholine (80); N1-(1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperidin-4-yl)-N1,N3,N3-trimethylpropane-1,3-diamine (81); 1-(4-(1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)ethan-1-one (82); 1′-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-N,N-dimethyl-[1,4′-bipiperidin]-4-amine (83); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-(4-(4-ethyl-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indole (84); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(4-isopropylpiperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (85); 1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-N-(2-morpholinoethyl)piperidin-4-amine (86); 5-(4-(4-(cyclopropylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indole (87); 1-(4-(1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperidin-4-yl)-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)ethan-1-one (88); 1-(4-((1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperidin-4-yl)amino)piperidin-1-yl) ethan-1-one (89); 5-(4-(4-(tert-butyl)piperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indole (90); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-(4-(4-isobutylpiperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indole (91); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(4-(2-methoxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (92); 5-(4-(4-cyclopentylpiperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indole (93); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(4-(pyridin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (94); N-(1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperidin-4-yl)-1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-amine (95); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(1′-((1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methyl)-[4,4′-bipiperidin]-1-yl)-1H-indole (96); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(1′-(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)-[4,4′-bipiperidin]-1-yl)-1H-indole (97); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(1′-(thiophen-3-ylmethyl)-[4,4′-bipiperidin]-1-yl)-1H-indole (98); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(4-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (99); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(4-(2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl)piperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (100); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(4-(4-methylbenzyl) piperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (101); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(4-(3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)propyl)piperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (102); 1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-4-(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)-1,4-diazepan-5-one (107); 1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-N,N-dimethylpiperidin-4-amine (108); 2-(4-amino-1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperidin-4-yl)acetonitrile (109); 2-(1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperidin-4-yl)propan-2-ol (110); 3-chloro-5-(5-(4-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl)-3-isopropyl-H-indol-2-yl)-1,4-dimethyl-114,215-pyridin-2-one (111); 2-(1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-4-(methylamino) piperidin-4-yl)acetonitrile (112); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(2-(pyridin-4-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (113); 2-((1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-H-indol-5-yl)piperidin-4-yl)oxy)-N,N-dimethylethan-1-amine (114); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (115); 1-(1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperidin-4-yl)-4-hydroxypyrrolidin-2-one (116); 4-(1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-H-indol-5-yl)-4-methylpiperidin-4-yl)morpholine (117); 6-benzyl-1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)octahydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridine (118); 1-(1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperidin-4-yl)-2-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (119); 1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-H-indol-5-yl)-N,N-dimethylpyrrolidin-3-amine (120); 5-(4-(1,4-diazepan-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indole (121); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(1-isopropylazepan-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole (122); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(4-methyl-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (123); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole, TFA salt (126); 2-(4-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-N-methylethanamine (127); 4-(3-isopropyl-5-(piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (128); 2-(2,6-dimethoxypyridin-4-yl)-3-ethyl-5-(piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole (129); 4-(3-isopropyl-6-methyl-5-(piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (130); 5-([4,4′-bipiperidin]-1-yl)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-1H-indole (131); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-5-(4-(piperidin-4-yloxy)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (132); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(piperidin-4-yloxy)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (133); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-5-(4-((1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)oxy)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (134); 6-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)octahydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridine (135); 2-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-H-indol-5-yl)-2,6-diazaspiro[3.5]nonane (136); 2-(4-(3-ethyl-2-(2-methoxypyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-N-methylethan-1-amine (137); 2-(4-(3-isopropyl-2-(1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-N-methylethan-1-amine (138); 3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indole (139); 2-(4-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-N-methylethan-1-amine (140); 4-(3-methyl-5-(4-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (141); 3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-ethylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indole (142); 3-ethyl-2-(2-methoxypyridin-4-yl)-5-(4-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole (143); 2-(4-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-6-methyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-N-methylethan-1-amine (144); 4-(5-(4-(1-ethylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-3-methyl-1H-indol-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (145); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(pent-4-yn-1-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole (146); 3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indole (147); 3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-ethylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-(2-methoxypyridin-4-yl)-1H-indole (148); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-5-(4-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole (149); 2-(4-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-3,3-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl)-N-methylethan-1-amine (150); 4-(5-(4-(1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-3-methyl-1H-indol-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (151); 3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-isobutylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indole (152); 3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-(2-methoxypyridin-4-yl)-1H-indole (153); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole (154); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-(4-(1-ethylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-3-methyl-1H-indole (155); 2-(2,6-dimethoxypyridin-4-yl)-3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole (156); 4-(3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (157); 4-(5-(4-(1-isobutylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-3-methyl-H-indol-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (158); 4-(3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (159); 3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-isobutylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-(2-methoxypyridin-4-yl)-1H-indole (160); 3-ethyl-2-(2-methoxypyridin-4-yl)-5-(4-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-lH-indole (161); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl) piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole (162); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-ethylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole (163); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-(4-(1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-3-methyl-1H-indole (164); 4-(3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl)-1-methyl-H-pyrrolo[2,3-b] pyridine (165); 4-(3-isopropyl-5-(4-(1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (166); 4-(3-isopropyl-5-(4-(1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl) piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (167-168); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole (169); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-(4-(1-isobutylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-3-methyl-1H-indole (170); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-5-(4-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole (171); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-(2,2-dimethyl-4-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-3-ethyl-1H-indole (172); 2-(2,6-dimethoxypyridin-4-yl)-3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole (173-174); 4-(3-isopropyl-5-(4-(1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-6-methyl-1H-indol-2-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (175); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-5-(4-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole (176); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-isobutylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole (177); 2-(4-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)-N-methylethan-1-amine (178); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)-1H-indole (179); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl)-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)-1H-indole (180); 3-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-9-methyl-3,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecane (181); 3-ethyl-5-(4-((1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl) oxy)piperidin-1-yl)-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indole (182); 3-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-9-isopropyl-3,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecane (183); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (184); 4-(3-ethyl-5-(4-((1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl)oxy)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (185); 3-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-6-methyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-9-isopropyl-3,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecane (186); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-((1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)oxy)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (187); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-5-(4-((1-ethylpiperidin-4-yl)oxy) piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (188); 3-((1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methyl)-9-(3-methyl-2-(1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)-3,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecane (189); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-(4-((1-ethylpiperidin-4-yl)oxy)piperidin-1-yl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indole (190); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-5-(4-((1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl)oxy) piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (191); 1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-N-(1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl)piperidin-4-amine (192); or 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-5-(4-((2′,2′,6′,6′-tetramethyl-[1,4′-bipiperidin]-4-yl)oxy)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (193).

The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The invention encompasses all combinations of the aspects and/or embodiments of the invention noted herein. It is understood that any and all embodiments of the present invention may be taken in conjunction with any other embodiment or embodiments to describe additional embodiments. It is also to be understood that each individual element of the embodiments is meant to be combined with any and all other elements from any embodiment to describe an additional embodiment.

Definitions

The features and advantages of the invention may be more readily understood by those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description. It is to be appreciated that certain features of the invention that are, for clarity reasons, described above and below in the context of separate embodiments, may also be combined to form a single embodiment. Conversely, various features of the invention that are, for brevity reasons, described in the context of a single embodiment, may also be combined so as to form sub-combinations thereof. Embodiments identified herein as exemplary or preferred are intended to be illustrative and not limiting.

Unless specifically stated otherwise herein, references made in the singular may also include the plural. For example, “a” and “an” may refer to either one, or one or more.

As used herein, the phrase “compounds” refers to at least one compound. For example, a compound of Formula (I) includes a compound of Formula (I) and two or more compounds of Formula (I).

Unless otherwise indicated, any heteroatom with unsatisfied valences is assumed to have hydrogen atoms sufficient to satisfy the valences.

The definitions set forth herein take precedence over definitions set forth in any patent, patent application, and/or patent application publication incorporated herein by reference.

Listed below are definitions of various terms used to describe the present invention. These definitions apply to the terms as they are used throughout the specification (unless they are otherwise limited in specific instances) either individually or as part of a larger group.

Throughout the specification, groups and substituents thereof may be chosen by one skilled in the field to provide stable moieties and compounds.

In accordance with a convention used in the art,

is used in structural formulas herein to depict the bond that is the point of attachment of the moiety or substituent to the core or backbone structure.

The terms “halo” and “halogen,” as used herein, refer to F, Cl, Br, and I.

The term “cyano” refers to the group —CN.

The term “amino” refers to the group —NH₂.

The term “oxo” refers to the group ═O.

The term “alkyl” as used herein, refers to both branched and straight-chain saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groups containing, for example, from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, from 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and from 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Examples of alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, methyl (Me), ethyl (Et), propyl (e.g., n-propyl and i-propyl), butyl (e.g., n-butyl, i-butyl, sec-butyl, and t-butyl), and pentyl (e.g., n-pentyl, isopentyl, neopentyl), n-hexyl, 2-methylpentyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 3-methylpentyl, and 4-methylpentyl. When numbers appear in a subscript after the symbol “C”, the subscript defines with more specificity the number of carbon atoms that a particular group may contain. For example, “C₁₋₆ alkyl” denotes straight and branched chain alkyl groups with one to six carbon atoms.

The term “fluoroalkyl” as used herein is intended to include both branched and straight-chain saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon groups substituted with one or more fluorine atoms. For example, “C₁₋₄ fluoroalkyl” is intended to include C₁, C₂, C₃, and C₄ alkyl groups substituted with one or more fluorine atoms. Representative examples of fluoroalkyl groups include, but are not limited to, —CF₃ and —CH₂CF₃.

The term “cyanoalkyl” includes both branched and straight-chain saturated alkyl groups substituted with one or more cyano groups. For example, “cyanoalkyl” includes —CH₂CN, —CH₂CH₂CN, and C₁₋₄ cyanoalkyl.

The term “aminoalkyl” includes both branched and straight-chain saturated alkyl groups substituted with one or more amine groups. For example, “aminoalkyl” includes —CH₂NH₂, —CH₂CH₂NH₂, and C₁₋₄ aminoalkyl.

The term “hydroxyalkyl” includes both branched and straight-chain saturated alkyl groups substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups. For example, “hydroxyalkyl” includes —CH₂OH, —CH₂CH₂OH, and C₁₋₄ hydroxyalkyl.

The term “hydroxy-fluoroalkyl” includes both branched and straight-chain saturated alkyl groups substituted with one or more hydroxyl groups and one or more fluorine atoms. For example, “hydroxy-fluoroalkyl” includes —CHFCH₂OH, —CH₂CHFC(CH₃)₂OH, and C₁₋₄ hydroxy-fluoroalkyl.

The term “cycloalkyl,” as used herein, refers to a group derived from a non-aromatic monocyclic or polycyclic hydrocarbon molecule by removal of one hydrogen atom from a saturated ring carbon atom. Representative examples of cycloalkyl groups include, but are not limited to, cyclopropyl, cyclopentyl, and cyclohexyl. When numbers appear in a subscript after the symbol “C”, the subscript defines with more specificity the number of carbon atoms that a particular cycloalkyl group may contain. For example, “C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl” denotes cycloalkyl groups with three to six carbon atoms.

The term “alkoxy,” as used herein, refers to an alkyl group attached to the parent molecular moiety through an oxygen atom, for example, methoxy group (—OCH₃). For example, “C₁₋₃ alkoxy” denotes alkoxy groups with one to three carbon atoms.

The term “alkoxyalkyl,” as used herein, refers to an alkoxy group attached through its oxygen atom to an alkyl group, which is attached to the parent molecular moiety, for example, methoxymethyl group (—CH₂OCH₃). For example, “C₂₋₄ alkoxyalkyl” denotes alkoxyalkyl groups with two to four carbon atoms, such as —CH₂OCH₃, —CH₂CH₂OCH₃, —CH₂OCH₂CH₃, and —CH₂CH₂OCH₂CH₃.

The phrase “pharmaceutically acceptable” is employed herein to refer to those compounds, materials, compositions, and/or dosage forms which are, within the scope of sound medical judgment, suitable for use in contact with the tissues of human beings and animals without excessive toxicity, irritation, allergic response, or other problem or complication, commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio.

The compounds of Formula (I) can be provided as amorphous solids or crystalline solids. Lyophilization can be employed to provide the compounds of Formula (I) as amorphous solids.

It should further be understood that solvates (e.g., hydrates) of the compounds of Formula (I) are also within the scope of the present invention. The term “solvate” means a physical association of a compound of Formula (I) with one or more solvent molecules, whether organic or inorganic. This physical association includes hydrogen bonding. In certain instances the solvate will be capable of isolation, for example when one or more solvent molecules are incorporated in the crystal lattice of the crystalline solid. “Solvate” encompasses both solution-phase and isolable solvates. Exemplary solvates include hydrates, ethanolates, methanolates, isopropanolates, acetonitrile solvates, and ethyl acetate solvates. Methods of solvation are known in the art.

Various forms of prodrugs are well known in the art and are described in:

a) The Practice of Medicinal Chemistry, Camille G. Wermuth et al., Ch 31, (Academic Press, 1996);

-   -   b) Design of Prodrugs, edited by H. Bundgaard, (Elsevier, 1985);     -   c) A Textbook of Drug Design and Development, P.         Krogsgaard-Larson and H. Bundgaard, eds. Ch 5, pgs 113-191         (Harwood Academic Publishers, 1991); and

d) Hydrolysis in Drug and Prodrug Metabolism, Bernard Testa and Joachim M. Mayer, (Wiley-VCH, 2003).

In addition, compounds of Formula (I), subsequent to their preparation, can be isolated and purified to obtain a composition containing an amount by weight equal to or greater than 99% of a compound of Formula (I) (“substantially pure”), which is then used or formulated as described herein. Such “substantially pure” compounds of Formula (I) are also contemplated herein as part of the present invention.

“Stable compound” and “stable structure” are meant to indicate a compound that is sufficiently robust to survive isolation to a useful degree of purity from a reaction mixture, and formulation into an efficacious therapeutic agent. The present invention is intended to embody stable compounds.

“Therapeutically effective amount” is intended to include an amount of a compound of the present invention alone or an amount of the combination of compounds claimed or an amount of a compound of the present invention in combination with other active ingredients effective to act as an inhibitor to TLR7/8/9, or effective to treat or prevent autoimmune and/or inflammatory disease states, such as SLE, IBD, multiple sclerosis (MS), and Sjögren's syndrome, and rheumatoid arthritis.

As used herein, “treating” or “treatment” cover the treatment of a disease-state in a mammal, particularly in a human, and include: (a) preventing the disease-state from occurring in a mammal, in particular, when such mammal is predisposed to the disease-state but has not yet been diagnosed as having it; (b) inhibiting the disease-state, i.e., arresting its development; and/or (c) relieving the disease-state, i.e., causing regression of the disease state.

The compounds of the present invention are intended to include all isotopes of atoms occurring in the present compounds. Isotopes include those atoms having the same atomic number but different mass numbers. By way of general example and without limitation, isotopes of hydrogen include deuterium (D) and tritium (T). Isotopes of carbon include ¹³C and ¹⁴C. Isotopically-labeled compounds of the invention can generally be prepared by conventional techniques known to those skilled in the art or by processes analogous to those described herein, using an appropriate isotopically-labeled reagent in place of the non-labeled reagent otherwise employed. For example, methyl (—CH₃) also includes deuterated methyl groups such as —CD₃.

Utility

The human immune system has evolved to defend the body from micro-organisms, viruses, and parasites that can cause infection, disease or death. Complex regulatory mechanisms ensure that the various cellular components of the immune system target the foreign substances or organisms, while not causing permanent or significant damage to the individual. While the initiating events are not well understood at this time, in autoimmune disease states the immune system directs its inflammatory response to target organs in the afflicted individual. Different autoimmune diseases are typically characterized by the predominate or initial target organ or tissues affected; such as the joint in the case of rheumatoid arthritis, the thyroid gland in the case of Hashimoto's thyroiditis, the central nervous system in the case of multiple sclerosis, the pancreas in the case of type I diabetes, and the bowel in the case of inflammatory bowel disease.

The compounds of the invention inhibit signaling through Toll-like receptor 7, or 8, or 9 (TLR7, TLR8, TLR9) or combinations thereof. Accordingly, compounds of Formula (I) have utility in treating conditions associated with the inhibition of signaling through one or more of TLR7, TLR8, or TLR9. Such conditions include TLR7, TLR8, or TLR9 receptor associated diseases in which cytokine levels are modulated as a consequence of intracellular signaling.

As used herein, the terms “treating” or “treatment” encompass the treatment of a disease state in a mammal, particularly in a human, and include: (a) preventing or delaying the occurrence of the disease state in a mammal, in particular, when such mammal is predisposed to the disease state but has not yet been diagnosed as having it; (b) inhibiting the disease state, i.e., arresting its development; and/or (c) achieving a full or partial reduction of the symptoms or disease state, and/or alleviating, ameliorating, lessening, or curing the disease or disorder and/or its symptoms.

In view of their activity as selective inhibitors of TLR7, TLR8, or TLR9, compounds of Formula (I) are useful in treating TLR7, TLR8, or TLR9 family receptor associated diseases, but not limited to, inflammatory diseases such as Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, asthma, graft versus host disease, allograft rejection, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; autoimmune diseases such as Graves' disease, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, lupus nephritis, cutaneous lupus, psoriasis; auto-inflammatory diseases including Cryopyrin-Associated Periodic Syndromes (CAPS), TNF Receptor Associated Periodic Syndrome (TRAPS), Familial Mediterranean Fever (FMF), adult onset stills, systemic onsetjuvenile idiopathic arthritis, gout, gouty arthritis; metabolic diseases including type 2 diabetes, atherosclerosis, myocardial infarction; destructive bone disorders such as bone resorption disease, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, multiple myeloma-related bone disorder; proliferative disorders such as acute myelogenous leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia; angiogenic disorders such as angiogenic disorders including solid tumors, ocular neovascularization, and infantile haemangiomas; infectious diseases such as sepsis, septic shock, and Shigellosis; neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cerebral ischemias or neurodegenerative disease caused by traumatic injury, oncologic and viral diseases such as metastatic melanoma, Kaposi's sarcoma, multiple myeloma, and HIV infection and CMV retinitis, AIDS, respectively.

More particularly, the specific conditions or diseases that may be treated with the inventive compounds include, without limitation, pancreatitis (acute or chronic), asthma, allergies, adult respiratory distress syndrome, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, glomerulonephritis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, chronic thyroiditis, Graves' disease, autoimmune gastritis, diabetes, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, autoimmune neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, atopic dermatitis, chronic active hepatitis, myasthenia gravis, multiple sclerosis, inflammatory bowel disease, ulcerative colitis, Crohn's disease, psoriasis, graft vs. host disease, inflammatory reaction induced by endotoxin, tuberculosis, atherosclerosis, muscle degeneration, cachexia, psoriatic arthritis, Reiter's syndrome, gout, traumatic arthritis, rubella arthritis, acute synovitis, pancreatic R-cell disease; diseases characterized by massive neutrophil infiltration; rheumatoid spondylitis, gouty arthritis and other arthritic conditions, cerebral malaria, chronic pulmonary inflammatory disease, silicosis, pulmonary sarcoidosis, bone resorption disease, allograft rejections, fever and myalgias due to infection, cachexia secondary to infection, keloid formation, scar tissue formation, ulcerative colitis, pyresis, influenza, osteoporosis, osteoarthritis, acute myelogenous leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, metastatic melanoma, Kaposi's sarcoma, multiple myeloma, sepsis, septic shock, and Shigellosis; Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, cerebral ischemias or neurodegenerative disease caused by traumatic injury; angiogenic disorders including solid tumors, ocular neovascularization, and infantile haemangiomas; viral diseases including acute hepatitis infection (including hepatitis A, hepatitis B and hepatitis C), HIV infection and CMV retinitis, AIDS, ARC or malignancy, and herpes; stroke, myocardial ischemia, ischemia in stroke heart attacks, organ hypoxia, vascular hyperplasia, cardiac and renal reperfusion injury, thrombosis, cardiac hypertrophy, thrombin-induced platelet aggregation, endotoxemia and/or toxic shock syndrome, conditions associated with prostaglandin endoperoxidase syndase-2, and pemphigus vulgaris. Included in this embodiment are methods of treatment in which the condition is selected from lupus including lupus nephritis and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, allograft rejection, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, ankylosing spondylitis, psoriatic arthritis, and pemphigus vulgaris. Also included are methods of treatment in which the condition is selected from ischemia reperfusion injury, including cerebral ischemia reperfusions injury arising from stroke and cardiac ischemia reperfusion injury arising from myocardial infarction. Another method of treatment is one in which the condition is multiple myeloma.

In one embodiment, the compounds of Formula (I) are useful in treating cancer, including Waldenstrom's Macroglobulinemia (WM), diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), cutaneous diffuse large B cell lymphoma, and primary CNS lymphoma.

In addition, the TLR7, TLR8, or TLR9 inhibitors of the present invention inhibit the expression of inducible pro-inflammatory proteins such as prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase-2 (PGHS-2), also referred to as cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), IL-1, IL-6, IL-18, chemokines. Accordingly, additional TLR7/8/9 associated conditions include edema, analgesia, fever and pain, such as neuromuscular pain, headache, pain caused by cancer, dental pain and arthritis pain. The inventive compounds also may be used to treat veterinary viral infections, such as lentivirus infections, including, but not limited to equine infectious anemia virus; or retrovirus infections, including feline immunodeficiency virus, bovine immunodeficiency virus, and canine immunodeficiency virus.

The present invention thus provides methods for treating such conditions, comprising administering to a subject in need thereof a therapeutically-effective amount of at least one compound of Formula (I) or a salt thereof. “Therapeutically effective amount” is intended to include an amount of a compound of the present invention that is effective when administered alone or in combination to inhibit autoimmune disease or chronic inflammatory disease.

The methods of treating TLR7, TLR8, or TLR9 associated conditions may comprise administering compounds of Formula (I) alone or in combination with each other and/or other suitable therapeutic agents useful in treating such conditions. Accordingly, “therapeutically effective amount” is also intended to include an amount of the combination of compounds claimed that is effective to inhibit TLR7, TLR8, or TLR9 and/or treat diseases associated with TLR7, TLR8, or TLR9.

Exemplary of such other therapeutic agents include corticosteroids, rolipram, calphostin, cytokine-suppressive anti-inflammatory drugs (CSAIDs), Interleukin-10, glucocorticoids, salicylates, nitric oxide, and other immunosuppressants; nuclear translocation inhibitors, such as deoxyspergualin (DSG); non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen, celecoxib and rofecoxib; steroids such as prednisone or dexamethasone; antiviral agents such as abacavir; antiproliferative agents such as methotrexate, leflunomide, FK506 (tacrolimus, PROGRAF®); anti-malarials such as hydroxychloroquine; cytotoxic drugs such as azathiprine and cyclophosphamide; TNF-α inhibitors such as tenidap, anti-TNF antibodies or soluble TNF receptor, and rapamycin (sirolimus or RAPAMUNE®) or derivatives thereof.

The above other therapeutic agents, when employed in combination with the compounds of the present invention, may be used, for example, in those amounts indicated in the Physicians' Desk Reference (PDR) or as otherwise determined by one of ordinary skill in the art. In the methods of the present invention, such other therapeutic agent(s) may be administered prior to, simultaneously with, or following the administration of the inventive compounds. The present invention also provides pharmaceutical compositions capable of treating TLR7/8/9 receptor-associated conditions, including IL-1 family receptor-mediated diseases as described above.

The inventive compositions may contain other therapeutic agents as described above and may be formulated, for example, by employing conventional solid or liquid vehicles or diluents, as well as pharmaceutical additives of a type appropriate to the mode of desired administration (e.g., excipients, binders, preservatives, stabilizers, flavors, etc.) according to techniques such as those well known in the art of pharmaceutical formulation.

Accordingly, the present invention further includes compositions comprising one or more compounds of Formula (I) and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

A “pharmaceutically acceptable carrier” refers to media generally accepted in the art for the delivery of biologically active agents to animals, in particular, mammals. Pharmaceutically acceptable carriers are formulated according to a number of factors well within the purview of those of ordinary skill in the art. These include without limitation the type and nature of the active agent being formulated; the subject to which the agent-containing composition is to be administered; the intended route of administration of the composition; and, the therapeutic indication being targeted. Pharmaceutically acceptable carriers include both aqueous and non-aqueous liquid media, as well as a variety of solid and semi-solid dosage forms. Such carriers can include a number of different ingredients and additives in addition to the active agent, such additional ingredients being included in the formulation for a variety of reasons, e.g., stabilization of the active agent, binders, etc., well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Descriptions of suitable pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, and factors involved in their selection, are found in a variety of readily available sources such as, for example, Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, 17th Edition (1985), which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.

Compounds in accordance with Formula (I) can be administered by any means suitable for the condition to be treated, which can depend on the need for site-specific treatment or quantity of Formula (I) compound to be delivered.

Also embraced within this invention is a class of pharmaceutical compositions comprising a compound of Formula (I) and one or more non-toxic, pharmaceutically-acceptable carriers and/or diluents and/or adjuvants (collectively referred to herein as “carrier” materials) and, if desired, other active ingredients. The compounds of Formula (I) may be administered by any suitable route, preferably in the form of a pharmaceutical composition adapted to such a route, and in a dose effective for the treatment intended. The compounds and compositions of the present invention may, for example, be administered orally, mucosally, or parenterally including intravascularly, intravenously, intraperitoneally, subcutaneously, intramuscularly, and intrasternally in dosage unit formulations containing conventional pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, adjuvants, and vehicles. For example, the pharmaceutical carrier may contain a mixture of mannitol or lactose and microcrystalline cellulose. The mixture may contain additional components such as a lubricating agent, e.g. magnesium stearate and a disintegrating agent such as crospovidone. The carrier mixture may be filled into a gelatin capsule or compressed as a tablet. The pharmaceutical composition may be administered as an oral dosage form or an infusion, for example.

For oral administration, the pharmaceutical composition may be in the form of, for example, a tablet, capsule, liquid capsule, suspension, or liquid. The pharmaceutical composition is preferably made in the form of a dosage unit containing a particular amount of the active ingredient. For example, the pharmaceutical composition may be provided as a tablet or capsule comprising an amount of active ingredient in the range of from about 0.1 to 1000 mg, preferably from about 0.25 to 250 mg, and more preferably from about 0.5 to 100 mg. A suitable daily dose for a human or other mammal may vary widely depending on the condition of the patient and other factors, but, can be determined using routine methods.

Any pharmaceutical composition contemplated herein can, for example, be delivered orally via any acceptable and suitable oral preparations. Exemplary oral preparations, include, but are not limited to, for example, tablets, troches, lozenges, aqueous and oily suspensions, dispersible powders or granules, emulsions, hard and soft capsules, liquid capsules, syrups, and elixirs. Pharmaceutical compositions intended for oral administration can be prepared according to any methods known in the art for manufacturing pharmaceutical compositions intended for oral administration. In order to provide pharmaceutically palatable preparations, a pharmaceutical composition in accordance with the invention can contain at least one agent selected from sweetening agents, flavoring agents, coloring agents, demulcents, antioxidants, and preserving agents.

A tablet can, for example, be prepared by admixing at least one compound of Formula (I) with at least one non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable excipient suitable for the manufacture of tablets. Exemplary excipients include, but are not limited to, for example, inert diluents, such as, for example, calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate, lactose, calcium phosphate, and sodium phosphate; granulating and disintegrating agents, such as, for example, microcrystalline cellulose, sodium crosscarmellose, corn starch, and alginic acid; binding agents, such as, for example, starch, gelatin, polyvinyl-pyrrolidone, and acacia; and lubricating agents, such as, for example, magnesium stearate, stearic acid, and talc. Additionally, a tablet can either be uncoated, or coated by known techniques to either mask the bad taste of an unpleasant tasting drug, or delay disintegration and absorption of the active ingredient in the gastrointestinal tract thereby sustaining the effects of the active ingredient for a longer period. Exemplary water soluble taste masking materials, include, but are not limited to, hydroxypropyl-methylcellulose and hydroxypropyl-cellulose. Exemplary time delay materials, include, but are not limited to, ethyl cellulose and cellulose acetate butyrate.

Hard gelatin capsules can, for example, be prepared by mixing at least one compound of Formula (I) with at least one inert solid diluent, such as, for example, calcium carbonate; calcium phosphate; and kaolin.

Soft gelatin capsules can, for example, be prepared by mixing at least one compound of Formula (I) with at least one water soluble carrier, such as, for example, polyethylene glycol; and at least one oil medium, such as, for example, peanut oil, liquid paraffin, and olive oil.

An aqueous suspension can be prepared, for example, by admixing at least one compound of Formula (I) with at least one excipient suitable for the manufacture of an aqueous suspension. Exemplary excipients suitable for the manufacture of an aqueous suspension, include, but are not limited to, for example, suspending agents, such as, for example, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxypropylmethyl-cellulose, sodium alginate, alginic acid, polyvinyl-pyrrolidone, gum tragacanth, and gum acacia; dispersing or wetting agents, such as, for example, a naturally-occurring phosphatide, e.g., lecithin; condensation products of alkylene oxide with fatty acids, such as, for example, polyoxyethylene stearate; condensation products of ethylene oxide with long chain aliphatic alcohols, such as, for example heptadecaethylene-oxycetanol; condensation products of ethylene oxide with partial esters derived from fatty acids and hexitol, such as, for example, polyoxyethylene sorbitol monooleate; and condensation products of ethylene oxide with partial esters derived from fatty acids and hexitol anhydrides, such as, for example, polyethylene sorbitan monooleate. An aqueous suspension can also contain at least one preservative, such as, for example, ethyl and n-propyl p-hydroxybenzoate; at least one coloring agent; at least one flavoring agent; and/or at least one sweetening agent, including but not limited to, for example, sucrose, saccharin, and aspartame.

Oily suspensions can, for example, be prepared by suspending at least one compound of Formula (I) in either a vegetable oil, such as, for example, arachis oil; olive oil; sesame oil; and coconut oil; or in mineral oil, such as, for example, liquid paraffin. An oily suspension can also contain at least one thickening agent, such as, for example, beeswax; hard paraffin; and cetyl alcohol. In order to provide a palatable oily suspension, at least one of the sweetening agents already described hereinabove, and/or at least one flavoring agent can be added to the oily suspension. An oily suspension can further contain at least one preservative, including, but not limited to, for example, an anti-oxidant, such as, for example, butylated hydroxyanisol, and alpha-tocopherol.

Dispersible powders and granules can, for example, be prepared by admixing at least one compound of Formula (I) with at least one dispersing and/or wetting agent; at least one suspending agent; and/or at least one preservative. Suitable dispersing agents, wetting agents, and suspending agents are as already described above. Exemplary preservatives include, but are not limited to, for example, anti-oxidants, e.g., ascorbic acid. In addition, dispersible powders and granules can also contain at least one excipient, including, but not limited to, for example, sweetening agents; flavoring agents; and coloring agents.

An emulsion of at least one compound of Formula (I) thereof can, for example, be prepared as an oil-in-water emulsion. The oily phase of the emulsions comprising compounds of Formula (I) may be constituted from known ingredients in a known manner. The oil phase can be provided by, but is not limited to, for example, a vegetable oil, such as, for example, olive oil and arachis oil; a mineral oil, such as, for example, liquid paraffin; and mixtures thereof. While the phase may comprise merely an emulsifier, it may comprise a mixture of at least one emulsifier with a fat or an oil or with both a fat and an oil. Suitable emulsifying agents include, but are not limited to, for example, naturally-occurring phosphatides, e.g., soy bean lecithin; esters or partial esters derived from fatty acids and hexitol anhydrides, such as, for example, sorbitan monooleate; and condensation products of partial esters with ethylene oxide, such as, for example, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate. Preferably, a hydrophilic emulsifier is included together with a lipophilic emulsifier which acts as a stabilizer. It is also preferred to include both an oil and a fat. Together, the emulsifier(s) with or without stabilizer(s) make-up the so-called emulsifying wax, and the wax together with the oil and fat make up the so-called emulsifying ointment base which forms the oily dispersed phase of the cream formulations. An emulsion can also contain a sweetening agent, a flavoring agent, a preservative, and/or an antioxidant. Emulsifiers and emulsion stabilizers suitable for use in the formulation of the present invention include Tween 60, Span 80, cetostearyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, glyceryl monostearate, sodium lauryl sulfate, glyceryl distearate alone or with a wax, or other materials well known in the art.

The compounds of Formula (I) can, for example, also be delivered intravenously, subcutaneously, and/or intramuscularly via any pharmaceutically acceptable and suitable injectable form. Exemplary injectable forms include, but are not limited to, for example, sterile aqueous solutions comprising acceptable vehicles and solvents, such as, for example, water, Ringer's solution, and isotonic sodium chloride solution; sterile oil-in-water microemulsions; and aqueous or oleaginous suspensions.

Formulations for parenteral administration may be in the form of aqueous or non-aqueous isotonic sterile injection solutions or suspensions. These solutions and suspensions may be prepared from sterile powders or granules using one or more of the carriers or diluents mentioned for use in the formulations for oral administration or by using other suitable dispersing or wetting agents and suspending agents. The compounds may be dissolved in water, polyethylene glycol, propylene glycol, ethanol, corn oil, cottonseed oil, peanut oil, sesame oil, benzyl alcohol, sodium chloride solution, tragacanth gum, and/or various buffers. Other adjuvants and modes of administration are well and widely known in the pharmaceutical art. The active ingredient may also be administered by injection as a composition with suitable carriers including saline, dextrose, or water, or with cyclodextrin (i.e. Captisol), cosolvent solubilization (i.e. propylene glycol) or micellar solubilization (i.e. Tween 80).

The sterile injectable preparation may also be a sterile injectable solution or suspension in a non-toxic parenterally acceptable diluent or solvent, for example as a solution in 1,3-butanediol. Among the acceptable vehicles and solvents that may be employed are water, Ringer's solution, and isotonic sodium chloride solution. In addition, sterile, fixed oils are conventionally employed as a solvent or suspending medium. For this purpose any bland fixed oil may be employed, including synthetic mono- or diglycerides. In addition, fatty acids such as oleic acid find use in the preparation of injectables.

A sterile injectable oil-in-water microemulsion can, for example, be prepared by 1) dissolving at least one compound of Formula (I) in an oily phase, such as, for example, a mixture of soybean oil and lecithin; 2) combining the Formula (I) containing oil phase with a water and glycerol mixture; and 3) processing the combination to form a microemulsion.

A sterile aqueous or oleaginous suspension can be prepared in accordance with methods already known in the art. For example, a sterile aqueous solution or suspension can be prepared with a non-toxic parenterally-acceptable diluent or solvent, such as, for example, 1,3-butane diol; and a sterile oleaginous suspension can be prepared with a sterile non-toxic acceptable solvent or suspending medium, such as, for example, sterile fixed oils, e.g., synthetic mono- or diglycerides; and fatty acids, such as, for example, oleic acid.

Pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, adjuvants, and vehicles that may be used in the pharmaceutical compositions of this invention include, but are not limited to, ion exchangers, alumina, aluminum stearate, lecithin, self-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SEDDS) such as d-alpha-tocopherol polyethyleneglycol 1000 succinate, surfactants used in pharmaceutical dosage forms such as Tweens, polyethoxylated castor oil such as CREMOPHOR surfactant (BASF), or other similar polymeric delivery matrices, serum proteins, such as human serum albumin, buffer substances such as phosphates, glycine, sorbic acid, potassium sorbate, partial glyceride mixtures of saturated vegetable fatty acids, water, salts or electrolytes, such as protamine sulfate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, potassium hydrogen phosphate, sodium chloride, zinc salts, colloidal silica, magnesium trisilicate, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, cellulose-based substances, polyethylene glycol, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyacrylates, waxes, polyethylene-polyoxypropylene-block polymers, polyethylene glycol and wool fat. Cyclodextrins such as alpha-, beta-, and gamma-cyclodextrin, or chemically modified derivatives such as hydroxyalkylcyclodextrins, including 2- and 3-hydroxypropyl-cyclodextrins, or other solubilized derivatives may also be advantageously used to enhance delivery of compounds of the formulae described herein.

The pharmaceutically active compounds of this invention can be processed in accordance with conventional methods of pharmacy to produce medicinal agents for administration to patients, including humans and other mammals. The pharmaceutical compositions may be subjected to conventional pharmaceutical operations such as sterilization and/or may contain conventional adjuvants, such as preservatives, stabilizers, wetting agents, emulsifiers, buffers etc. Tablets and pills can additionally be prepared with enteric coatings. Such compositions may also comprise adjuvants, such as wetting, sweetening, flavoring, and perfuming agents.

The amounts of compounds that are administered and the dosage regimen for treating a disease condition with the compounds and/or compositions of this invention depends on a variety of factors, including the age, weight, sex, the medical condition of the subject, the type of disease, the severity of the disease, the route and frequency of administration, and the particular compound employed. Thus, the dosage regimen may vary widely, but can be determined routinely using standard methods. A daily dose of about 0.001 to 100 mg/kg body weight, preferably between about 0.0025 and about 50 mg/kg body weight and most preferably between about 0.005 to 10 mg/kg body weight, may be appropriate. The daily dose can be administered in one to four doses per day. Other dosing schedules include one dose per week and one dose per two day cycle.

For therapeutic purposes, the active compounds of this invention are ordinarily combined with one or more adjuvants appropriate to the indicated route of administration. If administered orally, the compounds may be admixed with lactose, sucrose, starch powder, cellulose esters of alkanoic acids, cellulose alkyl esters, talc, stearic acid, magnesium stearate, magnesium oxide, sodium and calcium salts of phosphoric and sulfuric acids, gelatin, acacia gum, sodium alginate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, and/or polyvinyl alcohol, and then tableted or encapsulated for convenient administration. Such capsules or tablets may contain a controlled-release formulation as may be provided in a dispersion of active compound in hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose.

Pharmaceutical compositions of this invention comprise at least one compound of Formula (I) and optionally an additional agent selected from any pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, adjuvant, and vehicle. Alternate compositions of this invention comprise a compound of the Formula (I) described herein, or a prodrug thereof, and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, adjuvant, or vehicle.

The present invention also encompasses an article of manufacture. As used herein, article of manufacture is intended to include, but not be limited to, kits and packages. The article of manufacture of the present invention, comprises: (a) a first container; (b) a pharmaceutical composition located within the first container, wherein the composition, comprises: a first therapeutic agent, comprising: a compound of the present invention or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt form thereof; and (c) a package insert stating that the pharmaceutical composition can be used for the treatment of an inflammatory disorder and/or an autoimmune disease (as defined previously). In another embodiment, the package insert states that the pharmaceutical composition can be used in combination (as defined previously) with a second therapeutic agent to treat an inflammatory disorder and/or an autoimmune disease. The article of manufacture can further comprise: (d) a second container, wherein components (a) and (b) are located within the second container and component (c) is located within or outside of the second container. Located within the first and second containers means that the respective container holds the item within its boundaries.

The first container is a receptacle used to hold a pharmaceutical composition. This container can be for manufacturing, storing, shipping, and/or individual/bulk selling. First container is intended to cover a bottle, jar, vial, flask, syringe, tube (e.g., for a cream preparation), or any other container used to manufacture, hold, store, or distribute a pharmaceutical product.

The second container is one used to hold the first container and, optionally, the package insert. Examples of the second container include, but are not limited to, boxes (e.g., cardboard or plastic), crates, cartons, bags (e.g., paper or plastic bags), pouches, and sacks. The package insert can be physically attached to the outside of the first container via tape, glue, staple, or another method of attachment, or it can rest inside the second container without any physical means of attachment to the first container. Alternatively, the package insert is located on the outside of the second container. When located on the outside of the second container, it is preferable that the package insert is physically attached via tape, glue, staple, or another method of attachment. Alternatively, it can be adjacent to or touching the outside of the second container without being physically attached.

The package insert is a label, tag, marker, etc. that recites information relating to the pharmaceutical composition located within the first container. The information recited will usually be determined by the regulatory agency governing the area in which the article of manufacture is to be sold (e.g., the United States Food and Drug Administration). In one embodiment, the package insert specifically recites the indications for which the pharmaceutical composition has been approved. The package insert may be made of any material on which a person can read information contained therein or thereon. For example, the package insert is a printable material (e.g., paper, plastic, cardboard, foil, adhesive-backed paper or plastic, etc.) on which the desired information has been formed (e.g., printed or applied).

Methods of Preparation

The compounds of the present invention can be prepared in a number of ways well known to one skilled in the art of organic synthesis. The compounds of the present invention can be synthesized using the methods described below, together with synthetic methods known in the art of synthetic organic chemistry, or variations thereon as appreciated by those skilled in the art. Preferred methods include, but are not limited to, those described below. All references cited herein are hereby incorporated in their entirety by reference.

The compounds of this invention may be prepared using the reactions and techniques described in this section. The reactions are performed in solvents appropriate to the reagents and materials employed and are suitable for the transformations being effected. Also, in the description of the synthetic methods described below, it is to be understood that all proposed reaction conditions, including choice of solvent, reaction atmosphere, reaction temperature, duration of the experiment and work up procedures, are chosen to be the conditions standard for that reaction, which should be readily recognized by one skilled in the art. It is understood by one skilled in the art of organic synthesis that the functionality present on various portions of the molecule must be compatible with the reagents and reactions proposed. Such restrictions to the substituents that are compatible with the reaction conditions will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art and alternate methods must then be used. This will sometimes require a judgment to modify the order of the synthetic steps or to select one particular process scheme over another in order to obtain a desired compound of the invention. It will also be recognized that another major consideration in the planning of any synthetic route in this field is the judicious choice of the protecting group used for protection of the reactive functional groups present in the compounds described in this invention. An authoritative account describing the many alternatives to the trained practitioner is Greene and Wuts (Protective Groups In Organic Synthesis, Third Edition, Wiley and Sons, 1999).

EXAMPLES

The following examples illustrate the particular and preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the scope of the present invention. Chemical abbreviations and symbols as well as scientific abbreviations and symbols have their usual and customary meanings unless otherwise specified. Additional abbreviations employed in the Examples and elsewhere in this application are defined above. Common intermediates are generally useful for the preparation of more than one Example and are identified sequentially (e.g., Intermediate 1, Intermediate 2, etc.) and are abbreviated as Int. 1 or I1, Int. 2 or I2, etc. Compounds of the Examples are identified by the example and step in which they were prepared (e.g., “1-A” denotes the Example 1, step A), or by the example only where the compound is the title compound of the example (for example, “1” denotes the title compound of Example 1). In some instances alternate preparations of intermediates or examples are described. Frequently chemists skilled in the art of synthesis may devise alternative preparations which may be desirable based on one or more considerations such as shorter reaction time, less expensive starting materials, ease of operation or isolation, improved yield, amenable to catalysis, avoidance of toxic reagents, accessibility of specialized instrumentation, and decreased number of linear steps, etc. The intent of describing alternative preparations is to further enable the preparation of the examples of this invention. In some instances some functional groups in the outlined examples and claims may be replaced by well known bioisosteric replacements known in the art, for example, replacement of a carboxylic acid group with a tetrazole or a phosphate moiety.

ABBREVIATIONS

-   Ac acetyl -   ACN acetonitrile -   AcOH acetic acid -   anhyd. anhydrous -   aq. aqueous -   Bn benzyl -   Bu butyl -   Boc tert-butoxycarbonyl -   CV Column Volumes -   DCE dichloroethane -   DCM dichloromethane -   DMAP dimethylaminopyridine -   DMF dimethylformamide -   DMSO dimethylsulfoxide -   EDC 1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-3-ethylcarbodiimide hydrochloride -   EtOAc ethyl acetate -   Et ethyl -   EtOH ethanol -   H or H₂ hydrogen -   h, hr or hrs hour(s) -   HCTU O-(6-Chlorobenzotriazol-1-yl)-N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyluronium     hexafluorophosphate -   hex hexane -   i iso -   IPA isopropyl alcohol -   HOAc acetic acid -   HCl hydrochloric acid -   HPLC high pressure liquid chromatography -   LC liquid chromatography -   M molar -   mM millimolar -   Me methyl -   MeOH methanol -   MHz megahertz -   min. minute(s) -   mins minute(s) -   M⁺¹ (M+H)⁺ -   MS mass spectrometry -   n or N normal -   NBS n-bromosuccinimide -   nm nanometer -   nM nanomolar -   NMP N-methylpyrrolidine -   Pd/C palladium on carbon -   PdCl₂(dppf)₂     [1,1′-bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene]dichloropalladium(II) -   Pd(PPh₃)₄ tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium -   Ph phenyl -   PPh₃ triphenylphosphine -   Pr propyl -   PSI pounds per square inch -   PyBOP bromotripyrrolidinophosphonium hexafluorophosphate -   Ret Time retention time -   sat. saturated -   SFC supercritical fluid chromatography -   TEA triethylamine -   TFA trifluoroacetic acid -   THF tetrahydrofuran     Analytical and Preparative HPLC conditions:     QC-ACN-AA-XB: Column: Waters Acquity UPLC BEH C18, 2.1×50 mm, 1.7 μm     particles; Mobile Phase A: 5:95 acetonitrile:water with 10 mM     ammonium acetate; Mobile Phase B: 95:5 acetonitrile:water with 10 mM     ammonium acetate; Temperature: 50° C.; Gradient: 0-100% B over 3     minutes, then a 0.75 minute hold at 100% B; Flow: 1.0 mL/min;     Detection: UV at 220 nm.     QC-ACN-TFA-XB: Column: Waters Acquity UPLC BEH C18, 2.1×50 mm, 1.7     μm particles; Mobile Phase A: 5:95 acetonitrile:water with 0.1%     trifluoroacetic acid; Mobile Phase B: 95:5 acetonitrile:water with     0.1% trifluoroacetic acid; Temperature: 50° C.; Gradient: 0-100% B     over 3 minutes, then a 0.75 minute hold at 100% B; Flow: 1.0 mL/min;     Detection: UV at 220 nm.     Method A1: L3 Acquity: Column: (LCMS) UPLC BEH C18, 2.1×50 mm, 1.7     μm particles; Mobile Phase: (A) water; (B) acetonitrile; Buffer:     0.05% TFA; Gradient Range: 2%-98% B (0 to 1 min) 98% B (to 1.5 min)     98%-2% B (to 1.6 min); Gradient Time: 1.6 min; Flow Rate: 0.8     mL/min; Analysis Time: 2.2 min; Detection: Detector 1: UV at 220 nm;     Detector 2: MS (ESI+).     Method B1: L2 Aquity; Column: (LCMS) UPLC BEH C18, 2.1×50 mm, 1.7 μm     particles; Mobile Phase: (A) water; (B) acetonitrile; Buffer: 0.05%     TFA; Gradient Range: 2%-98% B (0 to 1 min), 98%-2% B (to 1.5 min);     Gradient Time: 1.8 min; Flow Rate: 0.8 mL/min; Analysis Time: 2.2     min; Detection: Detector 1: UV at 220 nm; Detector 2: MS (ESI+).     Method C1 SCP: Column: Waters Acquity UPLC BEH C18, 2.1×50 mm, 1.7     μm particles; Mobile Phase A: 5:95 acetonitrile:water with 10 mM     ammonium acetate; Mobile Phase B: 95:5 acetonitrile:water with 10 mM     ammonium acetate. Temperature: 50° C.; Gradient: 0-100% B over 3     minutes, then a 0.75 minute hold at 100% B; Flow: 1.11 mL/min;     Detection: UV at 220 nm.     Method D1 SCP: Column: Waters Acquity UPLC BEH C18, 2.1×50 mm, 1.7     μm particles; Mobile Phase A: 5:95 acetonitrile:water with 0.1%     trifluoroacetic acid; Mobile Phase B: 95:5 acetonitrile:water with     0.1% trifluoroacetic acid; Temperature: 50° C.; Gradient: 0-100% B     over 3 minutes, then a 0.75 minute hold at 100% B; Flow: 1.11     mL/min; Detection: UV at 220 nm.     Method D2 SCP: Column: XBridge C18, 19×200 mm, 5 μm particles;     Mobile Phase A: 5:95 acetonitrile: water with 10 mM ammonium     acetate; Mobile Phase B: 95:5 acetonitrile: water with 10 mM     ammonium acetate; Gradient: 10-50% B over 20 minutes, then a 5     minute hold at 100% B; Flow: 20 mL/min. Detection: UV at 220 nm.     Method D3 SCP: Column: XBridge C18, 19×200 mm, 5 μm particles;     Mobile Phase A: 5:95 acetonitrile: water with 0.1% trifluoroacetic     acid; Mobile Phase B: 95:5 acetonitrile: water with 0.1%     trifluoroacetic acid; Gradient: 6-46% B over 20 minutes, then a 4     minute hold at 100% B; Flow: 20 mL/min. Detection: UV at 220 nm.     Method E1 iPAC: Column: Waters Xbridge C18 4.6×50 mm 5 m particles;     Mobile Phase A: 5:95 acetonitrile:water with 10 mM ammonium acetate;     Mobile Phase B: 95:5 acetonitrile:water with 10 mM ammonium acetate.     Temperature: 50° C.; Gradient: 0-100% B over 1 minute; Flow: 4     mL/mM; Detection: UV at 220 nm.     Method F1 iPAC: Column: Waters Acquity BEH C18 2.1×50 mm 1.7 μm     particles; Mobile Phase A: 5:95 acetonitrile:water with 0.1%     trifluoroacetic acid; Mobile Phase B: 95:5 acetonitrile:water with     0.1% trifluoroacetic acid; Temperature: 50° C.; Gradient: 0-100% B     over 2.20 minutes; Flow: 0.800 mL/min; Detection: UV at 220 nm.     (A): Column-Ascentis Express C18 (50×2.1 mm-2.7 μm) Mphase A: 10 mM     NH₄COOH in water: ACN (98:02); Mphase B: 10 mM NH₄COOH in water: ACN     (02:98), Gradient: 0-100% B over 3 minutes, Flow=1 mL/min.     (B): Waters Acquity BEH C18 (2.1×50 mm) 1.7 micron; Buffer: 5 mM     ammonium acetate pH 5 adjusted with HCOOH, Solvent A: Buffer:ACN     (95:5), Solvent B: Buffer:ACN (5:95), Method:% B: 0 min-5%: 1.1 min     −95%: 1.7 min-95%, Flow: 0.8 mL/min.     (C): Column-Ascentis Express C₁₈ (50×2.1 mm-2.7 μm) Mobile phase A:     0.1% HCOOH in water; Mobile phase B: ACN. Temperature: 50° C.;     Gradient: 0-100% B over 3 minutes; Flow rate: 1.0 mL/min.     (D): Kinetex XB-C18 (75×3 mm) 2.6 micron; Solvent A: 10 mM ammonium     formate in water: acetonitrile (98:02); Mobile Phase B: 10 mM     ammonium formate in water: acetonitrile (02:98); Temperature: 50°     C.; Gradient: 0-100% B over 3 minutes; Flow rate: 1.1 mL/min;     Detection: UV at 220 nm.     (E): Column: Ascentis Express C18 (50×2.1) mm, 2.7 μm; Mobile Phase     A: 5:95 acetonitrile: water with 10 mM NH4OAc; Mobile Phase B: 95:5     acetonitrile: water with 10 mM NH₄OAc; Temperature: 50° C.;     Gradient: 0-100% B over 3 minutes; Flow: 1.1 mL/min.     (F): Column: Ascentis Express C18 (50×2.1) mm, 2.7 μm; Mobile Phase     A: 5:95 acetonitrile: water with 0.1% TFA; Mobile Phase B: 95:5     acetonitrile: water with 0.1% TFA; Temperature: 50° C.; Gradient:     0-100% B over 3 minutes; Flow: 1.1 mL/min.     (G): Column: Waters Acquity UPLC BEH C18 (2.1×50 mm), 1.7 micron;     Solvent A=100% water with 0.05% TFA; Solvent B=100% acetonitrile     with 0.05% TFA; gradient=2-98% B over 1 minute, then a 0.5 minute     hold at 98% B; Flow rate: 0.8 mL/min; Detection: UV at 220 nm.     (H): Column: Acentis Express C18 (50×2.1 mm) 1.7 μm, Acentis C8     NH₄COOH 5 min. M, Mobile Phase A: −10 mM ammonium formate: ACN     (98:2), Mobile Phase B: −10 mM ammonium formate: ACN (2:98),     gradient: 20%-100% B (0-4 min); 100% B (4-4.6 min); Flow: 1 mL/min.     (I) Column: Sunfire C18 (4.6×150) mm, 3.5 μm; Mobile Phase A: 5:95     acetonitrile: water with 0.05% TFA; Mobile Phase B: 95:5     acetonitrile: water with 0.05% TFA; Temperature: 50° C.;     Gradient:10-100% B over 12 minutes; Flow:1 mL/min.     (J) Column: Sunfire C18 (4.6×150) mm, 3.5 μm; Mobile Phase A: 5:95     acetonitrile: water with 0.05% TFA; Mobile Phase B: 95:5     acetonitrile: water with 0.05% TFA.     (K) Waters Acquity SDS Mobile Phase: A: water B: ACN; 5%-95% B in 1     min; Gradient Range: 50%-98% B (0-0.5 min); 98% B (0.5 min-1 min);     98%-2% B (1-1.1 min); Run time: 1.2 min; Flow Rate: 0.7 mL/min;     Analysis Time: 1.7 min; Detection: Detector 1: UV at 220 nm;     Detector 2: MS (ES⁺).     (L) Acquity UPLC BEH C18 (3.0×50 mm) 1.7 μm. Buffer: 5 mM ammonium     acetate Mobile phase A: Buffer:ACN (95:5); Mobile phase B:     Buffer:ACN (5:95) Method: % B: 0 min-20%:1.1 min −90%:1.7 min-90%.     Run time: 2.25 min; Flow Rate: 0.7 mL/min; Detection: Detector 1: UV     at 220 nm; Detector 2: MS (ES⁺).     (M): Kinetex SBC18 (4.6×50 mm) 5 micron; Solvent A: 10 mM ammonium     formate in water: acetonitrile (98:02); Mobile Phase B: 10 mM     ammonium formate in water: acetonitrile (02:98); Temperature: 50°     C.; Gradient: 30-100% B (0-4 min), 100% B (4-4.6 min), 100-30% B     (4.6-4.7 min), 30% B (4.7-5.0 min); Flow rate: 1.5 mL/min;     Detection: UV at 220 nm.     (N): Column-Ascentis Express C18 (50×2.1 mm-2.7 μm) Mphase A: 10 mM     NH₄COOH in water: ACN (98:02); Mphase B: 10 mM NH₄COOH in water: ACN     (02:98), Gradient: 0-100% B (0-1.7 minutes); 100% B (1.7-3.4     minutes). Flow=1 mL/min.     (O) Waters Acquity SDS Column BEH C18 (2.1×50 mm) 1.7 μm. Phase A:     buffer in water; Mphase B: buffer in ACN, Gradient: 20-98% B (0-1.25     minutes); 98% B (1.25-1.70 minutes); 98%-2% B (1.70-1.75 minutes);     Flow=0.8 mL/min.

Template 1 5-bromo-3-isopropyl-1H-indole

A 250 mL round bottom flask was charged with triethylsilane (8.90 g, 77 mmol), trichloroacetic acid (6.25 g, 38.3 mmol) and toluene (50 mL). The solution was heated to 70° C. A solution of 5-bromo-1H-indole (5.0 g, 25.5 mmol) and acetone (2.247 mL, 30.6 mmol) in toluene (30 mL) was added drop wise via an addition funnel. The resulting brown solution was heated at 70° C. for 1.5 h. The solution was cooled to 10° C. The reaction was quenched with the addition of 10% sodium bicarbonate. The solution was diluted with diethyl ether. The organic layer was separated, dried and concentrated under vacuum to afford crude compound. The crude material was purified using silica gel chromatography eluting with 5% ethyl acetate in hexanes to afford 5-bromo-3-isopropyl-1H-indole (5.5 g, 23.10 mmol 95% yield) as an oil. LC retention time 1.42 min [D]. MS m/z: 238.2 (M+H). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 11.03-10.90 (m, 1H), 7.75-7.64 (m, 1H), 7.33-7.28 (m, 1H), 7.19-7.13 (m, 2H), 3.19-3.04 (m, 1H), 1.31-1.26 (m, 6H).

Template 2 5-bromo-2-iodo-3-isopropyl-1H-indole

To a stirred solution of 5-bromo-3-isopropyl-1H-indole (500 mg, 2.100 mmol) in THF (10 mL) was added silver trifluoromethanesulfonate (647 mg, 2.52 mmol). The solution was stirred or 2 mins. Next, I₂ (533 mg, 2.100 mmol) in THF (10 mL) was added and the reaction mixture stirred at room temperature for 30 mins. The reaction was quenched with the addition of aqueous Na₂S₂O₃ solution. The solution was extracted with EtOAc, dried over sodium sulphate and concentrated to get crude material. The crude mass was purified by silica gel column chromatography to afford 5-bromo-2-iodo-3-isopropyl-1H-indole (500 mg, 1.374 mmol, 65.4% yield). LCMS retention time 1.62 min [B]. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ ppm 11.6 (s, 1H), 7.77 (br. s. 1H), 7.2-7.3 (m, 1H), 7.1-7.2 (m, 1H), 3.33 (br s, 3H), 2.50 (br s, 6H).

Template 3 5-bromo-3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indole

To a 4 dram vial with a pressure relief septum were added 5-bromo-2-iodo-3-isopropyl-1H-indole (100 mg, 0.275 mmol), (2-methylpyridin-4-yl)boronic acid (37.6 mg, 0.275 mmol), PdCl₂(dppf)-CH₂Cl₂ adduct (22.43 mg, 0.027 mmol) and THF (1 mL). The vial was evacuated and purged with N2 several times. Next, potassium phosphate, tribasic (0.275 mL, 0.824 mmol) was added. The vial was evacuated and purged several times with N2 and heated to 65° C. After 3 hours LCMS indicated that starting material was present. The reaction was continued overnight at room temperature. LCMS indicated that the reaction was incomplete. Additional (2-methylpyridin-4-yl)boronic acid (37.6 mg, 0.275 mmol), and PdCl₂(dppf)-CH₂Cl₂ adduct (22.43 mg, 0.027 mmol) were added and the reaction mixture was heated to 90° C. After 3 hours LCMS indicated the reaction to be complete. The reaction mixture was diluted with water and extracted with EtOAc (3×15 mL). The organic phases were combined, dried over sodium sulfate, and filtered and concentrate to give a yellow oil, which was purified by silica gel chromatography on (Isco 12 g Silica, 100% hexanes-100% EtOAc). Like fractions were combined and concentrated to afford 5-bromo-3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indole (45 mg, 0.137 mmol, 49.8% yield). LCMS retention time 0.83 min [B1]. MS m/z: 329, 331 (M+H).

Template 4 3-bromo-1-(3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)pyrrolidin-2-one

Intermediate T-4A: Tert-butyl(3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl) carbamate

To a solution of 5-bromo-3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indole (0.5 g, 1.519 mmol) and tert-butyl carbamate (0.213 g, 1.822 mmol) in toluene (15 mL) was added sodium tert-butoxide (0.292 g, 3.04 mmol) at ambient temperature. The mixture was degassed for 10 minutes with nitrogen, and Pd₂(dba)₃ (0.139 g, 0.152 mmol) was added, followed by the addition of 2-(di-tert-butylphosphino)biphenyl (0.023 g, 0.076 mmol), and further degassed for 5 min. The resulting mixture was stirred at 90° C. for 3 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (100 mL), washed with water (2×50 mL), brine (20 mL), dried over sodium sulphate, and concentrated to get crude product. The crude material was purified by column chromatography using 40 g silica column, compound was eluted with 4% methanol in chloroform, the fractions was collected, concentrated to afford tert-butyl (3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl) carbamate (0.3 g, 0.821 mmol, 54% yield) as a yellow solid. LCMS retention time 3.55 min [D]. MS m/z: 366.2 (M+H).

Intermediate T-4B: 3-Isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-amine

To a solution of tert-butyl (3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl) carbamate (0.3 g, 0.821 mmol) in DCM (2 mL) was added 4 M HCl in dioxane (1.231 mL, 4.93 mmol) at ambient temperature. The mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 3 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated to afford 3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-amine (0.21 g, 96% yield) as a pale yellow solid. LCMS retention time 1.75 min [D]. MS m/z: 266.1 (M+H).

Intermediate T-4C: 2,4-dibromo-N-(3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl) butanamide

To a solution of 3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-amine (0.21 g, 0.791 mmol) in DCM (5 mL) was added 2,4-dibromobutanoyl chloride (0.105 mL, 0.791 mmol) at 0° C. drop wise. The reaction mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 4 h. The reaction mass was diluted with DCM (50 mL), washed with water (50 mL), dried over sodium sulphate, and concentrated to get crude product. The crude material was purified by column chromatography using 24 g silica column. The product was eluted with 4.5% MeOH in chloroform, the fractions were collected and concentrated to afford 2,4-dibromo-N-(3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)butanamide (0.28 g, 0.568 mmol, 72% yield) as a yellow solid. LCMS retention time 2.83 min [D]. MS m/z: 492.2 (M+2H).

Template 4

To a solution of 2,4-dibromo-N-(3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)butanamide (0.28 g, 0.568 mmol) in DCM (10 mL) was added dropwise aqueous NaOH (0.091 g, 2.271 mmol) (50% solution in water). The mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 2 h. The reaction was quenched with ice water (50 mL). The reaction mass was extracted with DCM (2×50 mL). The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate and concentrated to get crude product. The crude material was purified by column chromatography using 24 g silica column. The product was eluted with 60-80% ethyl acetate in pet ether, the fractions were collected and concentrated to afford 3-bromo-1-(3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)pyrrolidin-2-one (0.15 g, 0.364 mmol, 64% yield) as a yellow solid. LCMS retention time 2.38 min [D]. MS m/z: 412.2 (M+2H).

The following Templates were prepared according to the general procedures described in Templates 1-4:

TABLE 1 Ret HPLC Time LCMS Template Structure Method (min) MH⁺ T-5

D 2.85 457 T-6

D 2.47 427 T-7

B 1.31 374/376 T-8

D 3.37 343/345 T-9

A1 1.28 360/362 (—tBu) T-10

A1 1.16 330

Examples 1 and 2 1-(3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)-3-((2-(methylamino)ethyl)amino)pyrrolidin-2-one (1) and 3-((2-aminoethyl)(methyl)amino)-1-(3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)pyrrolidin-2-one (2)

To a solution of 3-bromo-1-(3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl) pyrrolidin-2-one (0.1 g, 0.243 mmol) and K₂CO₃ (0.034 g, 0.243 mmol) in THF (1 mL) and water (0.1 mL) was added N1-methylethane-1,2-diamine (0.018 g, 0.243 mmol). The resulting reaction mixture was heated at 90° C. for 24 h. The reaction mass was concentrated under vacuum to get crude product. The crude sample was purified by chiral chromatography using Column: Chiralpak-IC (250×4.6 mm) 5 m injection volume: 10, 0.2% DEA in methanol as a co-solvent. The fractions were collected, concentrated and lyophilized to afford 1-(3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)-3-((2-(methylamino)ethyl)amino)pyrrolidin-2-one (7 mg, 7% yield) and 3-((2-aminoethyl)(methyl)amino)-1-(3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl) pyrrolidin-2-one (7 mg, 7% yield) as pale solids.

Example 1

LCMS retention time 1.25 min [C₁]. MS m/z: 406.2 (M+H). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ ppm 11.83 (s, 1H), 8.94 (d, J=5.6 Hz, 1H), 8.35 (d, J=1.7 Hz, 1H), 7.95-7.84 (m, 1H), 7.76-7.67 (m, 2H), 7.53-7.23 (m, 1H), 4.27-4.20 (m, 2H), 3.72-3.66 (m, 3H), 3.54 (d, J=6.4 Hz, 3H), 2.96-2.90 (m, 6H), 2.88-2.83 (m, 3H), 2.48 (d, J=10.3 Hz, 2H), 1.72 (dd, J=7.1, 5.4 Hz, 6H).

Example 2

LCMS retention time 1.32 min [C₁]. MS m/z: 406.2 (M+H). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ ppm 11.96 (s, 1H), 9.00 (d, J=5.9 Hz, 1H), 8.33 (s, 1H), 8.23 (br. s., 2H), 8.07 (s, 1H), 8.02 (d, J=5.9 Hz, 1H), 7.78-7.69 (m, 2H), 7.58-7.30 (m, 1H), 4.19-4.13 (m, 3H), 3.71 (dt, J=14.0, 7.1 Hz, 2H), 3.38 (br. s., 4H), 3.02-2.97 (m, 3H), 2.93 (br. s., 3H), 2.72-2.65 (m, 1H), 2.54-2.44 (m, 2H), 1.73 (dd, J=7.1, 2.7 Hz, 6H).

The following Examples were prepared according to the general procedure used in the preparation of Examples 1 and 2.

TABLE 2 Ret Ex. LCMS Time HPLC No. Structure MH⁺ (min) Method 3

422.2 2.33 D 4

422.2 2.31 D

Examples 5 and 6 1-(2-(2,6-dimethylpyridin-4-yl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-3-(4-isopropylpiperazin-1-yl) pyrrolidin-2-one (5-6)

Intermediate 5A: Tert-butyl 4-(1-(2-(2,6-dimethylpyridin-4-yl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate

To a solution of 3-bromo-1-(2-(2,6-dimethylpyridin-4-yl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)pyrrolidin-2-one (0.15 g, 0.352 mmol) and K₂CO₃ (0.049 g, 0.352 mmol) in THF (3 mL) and water (0.5 mL) was added tert-butyl piperazine-1-carboxylate (0.066 g, 0.352 mmol). The resulting reaction mixture was heated at 90° C. for 24 h. The reaction mass was quenched with water (20 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×10 mL). The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate, filtered and concentrated to afford tert-butyl 4-(1-(2-(2,6-dimethylpyridin-4-yl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (0.14 g, 75%) as a brown solid. LCMS retention time 1.33 min [F], MS m/z: 532.2 (M+H).

Intermediate 5B: 1-(2-(2,6-dimethylpyridin-4-yl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-3-(piperazin-1-yl)pyrrolidin-2-one

To a solution of tert-butyl 4-(1-(2-(2,6-dimethylpyridin-4-yl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl)piperazine-1-carboxylate (0.12 g, 0.226 mmol) in DCM (2 mL) was added 4 M HCl in dioxane (0.339 mL, 1.354 mmol) at ambient temperature. The mixture was stirred at same temperature for 3 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated to afford 1-(2-(2,6-dimethylpyridin-4-yl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-3-(piperazin-1-yl)pyrrolidin-2-one (0.095 g, 97% yield) as a pale yellow solid. LCMS retention time 2.99 min [F]. MS m/z: 432.4 (M+H).

Examples 5 and 6

To a solution of 1-(2-(2,6-dimethylpyridin-4-yl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-3-(piperazin-1-yl)pyrrolidin-2-one (0.095 g, 0.220 mmol) and acetone (0.048 mL, 0.660 mmol) in methanol (4 mL) was added titanium (IV)Isopropoxide (0.077 mL, 0.264 mmol) drop wise. The resulting light yellow solution was stirred under nitrogen at 25° C. for 4 h. Next, sodium cyano borohydride (0.014 g, 0.220 mmol) was added and the mixture was stirred at ambient temperature for 12 h. The reaction mass was quenched with water (10 mL) and extracted with DCM (2×10 mL). The separated organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate, filtered and concentrated. The crude sample was purified by chiral HPLC chromatography using Column: Luxcellulose-4 (250×4.6) mm, 5μ, injection volume: 10, 0.2% DEA in methanol as a co-solvent to afford 1-(2-(2,6-dimethylpyridin-4-yl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-3-(4-isopropylpiperazin-1-yl) pyrrolidin-2-one (0.012 g, 12%) (Chiral RT: 5.72) as a pale yellow solid and 1-(2-(2,6-dimethylpyridin-4-yl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-3-(4-isopropylpiperazin-1-yl) pyrrolidin-2-one (0.011 g, 11%) (Chiral RT: 11.97) as a pale yellow solid.

Example 5

LCMS retention time 1.62 min [E]. MS m/z: 474.4 (M+H). Chiral RT: 5.72 min. ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ ppm 11.18 (s, 1H), 7.95 (s., 1H), 7.34 (s, 2H), 7.16 (s, 2H), 3.78-3.52 (m, 2H), 3.50 (s, 3H), 2.87 (m, 3H), 2.66 (s, 2H), 2.59-2.53 (m, 6), 2.33 (s, 1H), 2.07 (s, 2H), 1.79 (m, 2H), 1.42-1.39 (m, 6H), 0.97-0.95 (m, 6H)

Example 6

LCMS retention time 1.62 min [E]. MS m/z: 474.4 (M+H). Chiral RT: 11.97 min. ¹H NMR (400M Hz, DMSO-d₆) δ ppm 11.18 (s, 1H), 7.95 (s., 1H), 7.34 (s, 2H), 7.16 (s, 2H), 3.78-3.52 (m, 2H), 3.50 (s, 3H), 2.87 (m, 3H), 2.66 (s, 2H), 2.59-2.53 (m, 6), 2.33 (s, 1H), 2.07 (s, 2H), 1.79 (m, 2H), 1.42-1.39 (m, 6H), 0.97-0.95 (m, 6H).

Example 7 3-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)-1-(3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)pyrrolidin-2-one

Intermediate 7A: 3-hydroxy-1-(3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl) pyrrolidin-2-one

A solution of 5-bromo-3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indole (0.5 g, 1.519 mmol), 3-hydroxypyrrolidin-2-one (0.184 g, 1.822 mmol), cesium carbonate (1.237 g, 3.80 mmol) and N,N′-dimethylethylenediamine (0.054 g, 0.607 mmol) in dioxane (5 mL) solvent was degassed and heated at 130° C. for 18 h. The reaction mass was diluted with DCM (50 mL), washed with water (50 mL), dried over sodium sulphate, and concentrated to get crude product. The crude material was purified by column chromatography using 24 g silica column. The compound was eluted with 4% MeOH in chloroform, the fractions was collected and concentrated to afford 3-hydroxy-1-(3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)pyrrolidin-2-one (0.4 g, 1.145 mmol, 75% yield) as a brown solid. LCMS retention time 1.58 min [D]. MS m/z: 350.2 (M+H).

Intermediate 7B: 1-(3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)-2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl trifluoromethanesulfonate

To a solution of 3-hydroxy-1-(3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)pyrrolidin-2-one (0.05 g, 0.143 mmol) in DCM (2 mL) was added pyridine (0.012 mL, 0.143 mmol) followed by the addition of triflic anhydride (0.024 mL, 0.143 mmol) at 0° C. The reaction mixture was stirred at 25° C. for 2 h. The TLC showed nonpolar spot formation and absence of starting material. The reaction mass was quenched with water (20 mL) and extracted with ethyl acetate (3×20 mL). The organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate, filtered, and concentrated to afford 1-(3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)-2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl trifluoromethanesulfonate (0.04 g, 58%) as a yellow solid.

Example 7

A solution of 1-(3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)-2-oxopyrrolidin-3-yl trifluoromethanesulfonate (0.04 g, 0.083 mmol), 2-(dimethylamino) ethanol (0.022 g, 0.249 mmol) and K₂CO₃ (0.011 g, 0.083 mmol) in acetonitrile (2 mL) solvent was stirred at room temperature for 12 h. The reaction was quenched with water (10 mL). The reaction mixture was extracted with ethyl acetate (3×10 mL). The separated organic layer was dried over sodium sulphate, filtered and concentrated to get crude product. The crude material was purified by prep LCMS with the following conditions: Waters Xbridge C18, 19×150 mm, 5 μm; Guard Column: Waters XBridge C18, 19×10 mm, 5 μm; Mobile Phase A:5:95 methanol:water with 10 mM NH₄OAc; Mobile Phase B: 95:5 Methanol:water with 10 mM NH₄OAc; Gradient:15-65% B over 25 minutes, followed by a 10 minute hold at 65% B and 5 minute hold at 100% B; Flow:15 ml/min. The fractions were collected, concentrated and lyophilized to afford 3-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)-1-(3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl) pyrrolidin-2-one (11.1 mg, 32%) as a pale yellow solid. LCMS retention time 1.27 min [E]. MS m/z: 421.1 (M+H). ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ ppm 11.67 (s, 1H), 8.82 (d, J=5.1 Hz, 1H), 8.28 (d, J=1.7 Hz, 1H), 7.67 (t, J=8.4 Hz, 2H), 7.62-7.55 (m, 2H), 5.17 (t, J=9.7 Hz, 1H), 4.25-4.13 (m, 4H), 4.05-4.00 (m, 3H), 3.55 (s, 4H), 2.82 (s, 4H), 1.84 (s, 2H), 1.70 (dd, J=7.0, 4.3 Hz, 6H).

Example 8 1-(3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)imidazolidin-2-one

Example 8 was prepared according to the general method described in Intermediate 7A. LCMS retention time 1.50 min [E]. MS m/z: 335.3 (M+H).

Example 9 (R)—N-(3-isopropyl-2-(1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxamide

Intermediate 9A: 4-(5-bromo-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-2-yl)-1-trityl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine

A solution of 5-bromo-2-iodo-3-isopropyl-1H-indole (2.0 g, 5.49 mmol), K₂CO₃ (3.50 g, 16.48 mmol) and 4-(4,4,5,5-tetramethyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolan-2-yl)-1-trityl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (2.68 g, 5.49 mmol) in THF (80 mL) and water (10 mL) solvent mixture was degassed for 5 min with nitrogen. Next, PdCl₂(dppf)-CH₂Cl₂ adduct (0.449 g, 0.549 mmol) was added and the resulting reaction mixture was stirred at 80° C. for 6 h. The reaction mass was diluted with excess ethyl acetate, washed with water, brine, dried over sodium sulphate and concentrated to get crude product. The crude material was purified by column chromatography using 40 g silica column, the compound was eluted with 80% ethyl acetate in pet ether, the fractions were collected and concentrated to afford 4-(5-bromo-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-2-yl)-1-trityl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (2.2 g, 3.68 mmol, 67.0% yield) as a light brown solid. LCMS retention time 4.423 min [D], MS m/z: 597.2 (M+H).

Intermediate 9B: Tert-butyl (3-isopropyl-2-(1-trityl-1H-pyrazolo [3,4-b]pyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)carbamate

To a solution of 4-(5-bromo-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-2-yl)-1-trityl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (1.5 g, 2.51 mmol) and tert-butyl carbamate (0.353 g, 3.01 mmol) in toluene (15 mL) was added NaOtBu (0.482 g, 5.02 mmol) at room temperature. The mixture was degassed for 10 min with nitrogen. Next, Pd₂dba₃ (0.230 g, 0.251 mmol) was added followed by the addition of 2-(di-tert-butylphosphino)biphenyl (0.037 g, 0.126 mmol). The solution was degassed again for 5 min. The resulting mixture was stirred at 90° C. for 3 h. The reaction mixture was diluted with ethyl acetate (100 mL), washed with water (2×50 mL), brine (20 mL), dried over sodium sulphate, and concentrated to get crude product. The crude material was purified by column chromatography using 40 g silica column, the compound was eluted with 14% ethyl acetate in hexane, the fractions was collected and concentrated to afford tert-butyl (3-isopropyl-2-(1-trityl-1H-pyrazolo [3,4-b]pyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)carbamate (1.5 g, 2.51 mmol, 94% yield) as a yellow solid. LCMS retention time 1.63 min [D]. MS m/z: 634.2 (M+H).

Intermediate 9C: 3-isopropyl-2-(1H-pyrazolo [3,4-b]pyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-amine

To a solution of tert-butyl (3-isopropyl-2-(1-trityl-H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)carbamate (1.5 g, 2.367 mmol) in DCM (5 mL) was added 4 M HCl in dioxane (3.55 mL, 14.20 mmol) at room temperature. The mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 3 h. The reaction mixture was concentrated to afford 3-isopropyl-2-(1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-amine (0.67 mg, 99% yield) as apale yellow solid. LCMS retention time 1.46 min [E]. MS m/z: 291.1 (M+H).

Intermediate 9D: (R)-tert-butyl-3-((3-isopropyl-2-(1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)carbamoyl-) pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate

To a solution of 3-isopropyl-2-(1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-amine (0.025 g, 0.086 mmol) and (R)-1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid (0.020 g, 0.094 mmol) in DMF (2 mL) were added DIPEA (0.045 mL, 0.257 mmol) and HATU (0.065 g, 0.172 mmol) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 3 h. The reaction mass was diluted with DCM (10 mL), washed with water (10 mL), dried over sodium sulphate, and concentrated to afford (R)-tert-butyl-3-((3-isopropyl-2-(1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)carbamoyl) pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate (0.03 g, 0.061 mmol) as a yellow solid. LCMS retention time 2.29 min [D]. MS m/z: 489.2 (M+H).

Example 9

To a solution of (R)-tert-butyl 3-((3-isopropyl-2-(1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)carbamoyl)pyrrolidine-1-carboxylate (0.03 g, 0.061 mmol) in DCM (2 mL) was added 4 M hydrochloric acid in dioxane (0.090 mL, 0.368 mmol) at room temperature. The reaction mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 1 h. The reaction mass was concentrated to get crude product. The product was purified by prep LCMS with the following conditions: Waters Xbridge C18, 19×150 mm, 5 μm; Guard Column: Waters XBridge C18, 19×10 mm, 5 μm; Mobile Phase A:5:95 methanol:water with 10 mM NH₄OAc; Mobile Phase B: 95:5 methanol:water with 10 mM NH₄OAc; Gradient:15-65% B over 25 minutes, followed by a 10 minute hold at 65% B and 5 minute hold at 100% B; Flow:15 ml/min. The fraction was collected, concentrated and lyophilized to afford (R)—N-(3-isopropyl-2-(1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxamide (4.5 mg, 19%) as a pale yellow solid. LCMS retention time 1.14 min [C1]. MS m/z: 389.1 (M+H); ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ ppm 13.80 (br. s., 1H), 11.27 (s, 1H), 10.09 (s, 1H), 8.65-8.56 (m, 1H), 8.26 (d, J=1.5 Hz, 1H), 8.18-8.11 (m, 1H), 7.42-7.28 (m, 2H), 7.22 (d, J=4.5 Hz, 1H), 3.27-3.14 (m, 4H), 2.89 (s, 1H), 2.28-2.19 (m, 2H), 2.15-2.05 (m, 1H), 1.51-1.39 (m, 6H).

Example 10 (S)—N-(3-isopropyl-2-(1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxamide

Example 10 was prepared according to the general procedure described in Example 9. LCMS retention time 2.29 min [D]. MS m/z: 489.2 (M+H).

The following examples were prepared according to the general procedure described in Example 9:

TABLE 3 Ret Ex. LCMS Time HPLC No. R MH⁺ (min) Method 11

587.4 1.204 E 12

396.3 1.120 E 13

408.3 1.158 E 14

410.3 1.557 E 15

424.3 1.393 E 16

424.3 1.714 E 17

424.3 1.709 E 18

425.3 1.191 E 19

425.3 1.191 E 20

425.3 1.080 E 21

436.3 1.356 E 22

439.3 1.150 E 23

439.3 1.089 E 24

440.3 1.016 E 25

444.3 1.712 E 26

450.4 1.840 E

Example 27 1-(3-isopropyl-2-(1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)imidazolidin-2-one

Intermediate 27A: 1-(3-isopropyl-2-(1-trityl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)imidazolidin-2-one

A solution of 4-(5-bromo-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-2-yl)-1-trityl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (0.500 g, 0.837 mmol), imidazolidin-2-one (0.108 g, 1.255 mmol) and Cs₂CO₃ (0.545 g, 1.674 mmol) in dioxane (25 mL) was degassed for 3 min. Next, copper(I) iodide (0.080 g, 0.418 mmol) and N,N′-dimethylethylenediamine (0.074 g, 0.837 mmol) were added. The resulting reaction mixture was heated at 130° C. for 16 h. The reaction mass was diluted with DCM (100 mL), washed with water (50 mL), dried over sodium sulphate, and concentrated to get crude product. The crude material was purified by column chromatography using 24 g silica column, the compound was eluted with 45% ethyl acetate in petroleum ether, the fractions were collected and concentrated to afford 1-(3-isopropyl-2-(1-trityl-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)imidazolidin-2-one (0.270 g, 0.448 mmol, 53.5% yield) as a light yellow solid. LCMS retention time 1.10 min. [D], MS m/z: 603.3 (M+H).

Intermediate 27B: 1-(3-isopropyl-2-(1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl) imidazolidin-2-one

To a solution of 1-(3-isopropyl-2-(1-trityl-H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)imidazolidin-2-one (0.050 g, 0.083 mmol) in dioxane (2.0 mL) was added 4 M HCl in dioxane (0.518 mL, 2.074 mmol) at 10° C. The mixture was stirred at the same temperature for 4 h. The reaction mixture mass was concentrated to get crude product. The crude product was purified by prep LCMS with the following conditions: Waters Xbridge C18, 19×150 mm, 5 μm; Guard Column: Waters XBridge C18, 19×10 mm, 5 μm; Mobile Phase A:5:95 acetonitrile:water with 10 mM NH₄OAc; Mobile Phase B: 95:5 acetonitrile:water with 10 mM NH₄OAc; Gradient:10-30% B over 25 minutes, followed by a 10 minute hold at 30% Band 5 minute hold at 100% B; Flow:15 ml/min. Fractions containing the product were combined and dried using a Genevac centrifugal evaporator to afford 1-(3-isopropyl-2-(1H-pyrazolo [3,4-b]pyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)imidazolidin-2-one (6.9 mg, 23%) as a pale yellow solid. LCMS retention time 1.381 min [E]. MS m/z: 361.1 (M+H); ¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ ppm 14.13-13.99 (m, 1H), 11.59-11.35 (m, 1H), 8.86 (d, J=4.9 Hz, 1H), 8.41 (s, 1H), 8.14-8.01 (m, 1H), 7.86-7.61 (m, 2H), 7.47 (s, 1H), 7.10-6.91 (m, 1H), 4.29-4.11 (m, 2H), 3.74-3.59 (m, 3H), 1.70 (d, J=7.1 Hz, 6H).

Example 28 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-N,3-diethyl-N-(1′-methyl-1,4′-bipiperidin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-amine

Intermediate 28A: tert-butyl 5-(1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)piperidin-4-ylamino)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-1H-indole-1-carboxylate

To a 2-dram reaction vial were added tert-butyl 5-chloro-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-1H-indole-1-carboxylate (0.100 g, 0.240 mmol), cesium carbonate (0.235 g, 0.721 mmol), 2nd generation XPhos precatalyst (0.019 g, 0.024 mmol) and tert-butyl 4-aminopiperidine-1-carboxylate (0.144 g, 0.721 mmol) in dioxane (2 mL). The vial was capped with a Teflon-lined cap and pump/purged with nitrogen gas three times. The mixture was set to heat at 100° C. for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, concentrated to dryness under a stream of nitrogen gas and diluted with ethyl acetate and water. The contents was transferred to a separatory funnel and the layers were separated. The organics were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated via rotary evaporation. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography and following concentration of like fractions, tert-butyl 5-((1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)piperidin-4-yl)amino)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-1H-indole-1-carboxylate (0.106 g, 0.183 mmol, 76% yield) was collected as a tan solid. LCMS retention time 1.05 min [F1]. MS m/z: 580.4 (M+H).

Intermediate 28B: tert-butyl 5-((1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)piperidin-4-yl)(ethyl)amino)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-1H-indole-1-carboxylate

To a 2 dram vial were added tert-butyl 5-((1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)piperidin-4-yl)amino)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-H-indole-1-carboxylate (0.029 g, 0.050 mmol), cesium carbonate (0.049 g, 0.150 mmol), acetone (1 mL), and iodoethane (0.078 g, 0.500 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 hours, then, was filtered through celite and rinsed with acetone. The volatiles were removed under a stream of nitrogen and tert-butyl 5-((1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)piperidin-4-yl)(ethyl)amino)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-1H-indole-1-carboxylate (0.03 g, 0.050 mmol, 99% yield) was collected. LCMS retention time 1.24 min [B]. MS m/z: 608.4 (M+H).

Intermediate 28C: 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-N,3-diethyl-N-(piperidin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-amine 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate

To a 2-dram vial were added tert-butyl 5-((1-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)piperidin-4-yl)(ethyl)amino)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-1H-indole-1-carboxylate (0.03 g, 0.050 mmol), DCM (0.5 mL) and 2,2,2-trifluoroacetic acid (0.057 g, 0.500 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred for 20 minutes at room temperature and concentrated to dryness. 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-N,3-diethyl-N-(piperidin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-amine 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate was collected. LCMS retention time 0.73 min [B]. MS m/z: 408.2 (M+H).

Example 28

To 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-N,3-diethyl-N-(piperidin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-amine 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate (0.025 g) were added DMF (1.0 mL), TEA (0.035 mL, 0.250 mmol), acetic acid (0.01 mL) and 1-methylpiperidin-4-one (0.017 g, 0.150 mmol). Following stirring for 15 minutes at room temperature, sodium cyanoborohydride (9.43 mg, 0.150 mmol) was added and the mixture was stirred for 14 hours. MeOH (0.5 mL) was added and the mixture was concentrated under a stream of nitrogen gas. This residue was diluted with DMF (2.0 mL), filtered through a syringe filter and purified by preparative HPLC to afford 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-N,3-diethyl-N-(1′-methyl-1,4′-bipiperidin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-amine. HPLC retention time 1.46 min [Method C]. MS m/z: 505.4 (M+H). HPLC retention time 1.00 min [Method D]. MS m/z: 505.3 (M+H). ¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 11.71-11.39 (m, 1H), 7.94 (s, 1H), 7.75 (br s, 1H), 7.52 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.32 (s, 1H), 7.28-7.07 (m, 2H), 3.99 (br s, 1H), 3.83 (d, J=11.8 Hz, 8H), 3.76 (br d, J=4.0 Hz, 1H), 3.66-3.49 (m, 1H), 3.37 (br s, 1H), 3.13-2.93 (m, 2H), 2.92-2.81 (m, 4H), 2.74 (br d, J=12.5 Hz, 5H), 2.22 (br d, J=11.1 Hz, 2H), 1.83 (br d, J=11.1 Hz, 4H), 1.27 (t, J=7.6 Hz, 4H), 1.00 (br t, J=6.9 Hz, 4H).

Example 29 5-(3-(1,4-diazepan-1-yl)azetidin-1-yl)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indole

To a reaction tube in a Bohdan Miniblock XT was dissolved tert-butyl 5-chloro-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indole-1-carboxylate (13.5 mg, 0.031 mmol) in dioxane (0.550 mL). Cesium carbonate (30.7 mg, 0.094 mmol) and 2nd Generation XPhos Precatalyst (0.0024 mg, 0.0031 mmol) were added. Next, tert-butyl 4-(azetidin-3-yl)-1,4-diazepane-1-carboxylate (0.012 g, 0.047 mmol) was added. The reaction tube was capped and degassed via pump/purge with nitrogen gas. The reaction mixture was heated at 100° C. for 2 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, concentrated to dryness under a stream of nitrogen gas. The mixture was diluted with 4 M HCl in dioxane (0.5 mL), stirred for 1 hour at room temperature, and concentrated via a stream of nitrogen gas. The residue was purified by preparative HPLC to afford 5-(3-(1,4-diazepan-1-yl) azetidin-1-yl)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indole (0.106 g, 0.183 mmol, 76% yield). HPLC retention time 1.36 min [Method C]. MS m/z: 449.4 (M+H). HPLC retention time 1.11 min [Method D]. MS m/z: 449.4 (M+H). ¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 10.79-10.62 (m, 1H), 7.96 (s, 1H), 7.22 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.16-6.95 (m, 3H), 6.43 (br d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 4.14-4.03 (m, 2H), 3.88-3.71 (m, 7H), 3.40-3.18 (m, 3H), 3.09-2.98 (m, 1H), 2.90 (s, 4H), 2.74 (s, 4H), 2.03 (br s, 2H), 1.48-1.34 (m, 6H).

Example 30 N1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-N4-(2-(methylamino)ethyl)cyclohexane-1,4-diamine

Intermediate 30A: 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-N-(1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-8-yl)-1H-indol-5-amine

To a 2-dram reaction vial were added tert-butyl 5-chloro-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-1H-indole-1-carboxylate (0.310 g, 0.721 mmol), cesium carbonate (0.705 g, 2.16 mmol), 2nd generation XPhos precatalyst (0.057 g, 0.072 mmol) and 1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5] decan-8-amine (227 mg, 1.442 mmol) in dioxane (3 mL). The vial was capped with a Teflon-lined cap and pump/purged with nitrogen gas three times. The mixture was heated at 100° C. for 16 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, concentrated to dryness under a stream of nitrogen gas and diluted with DCM and water. The contents was transferred to a separatory funnel and the layers were separated. The organics were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated via rotary evaporation. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography and following concentration of like fractions, 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-N-(1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-8-yl)-1H-indol-5-amine (0.200 g, 0.363 mmol, 50% yield) was collected. LCMS retention time 1.20 min [F1]. MS m/z: 450.4 (M+H).

Intermediate 30B: 4-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-ylamino) cyclohexanone

To tert-butyl 5-(1,4-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-8-ylamino)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indole-1-carboxylate (0.053 g, 0.096 mmol) in DCM (0.5 mL) was added TFA (1000 μl, 12.98 mmol). The reaction vial was capped. The reaction mixture was stirred at 90° C. for 7 hours. The volatiles were removed under a stream of nitrogen gas to provide 4-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-ylamino)cyclohexanone (0.040 g, 0.099 mmol, 100% yield). LCMS retention time 0.988 min [F1]. MS m/z: 407.4 (M+H).

Example 30

To 4-((2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)amino)cyclohexanone (0.018 g, 0.044 mmol) in a reaction vial were added DCM (1 mL), tert-butyl (2-aminoethyl)(methyl)carbamate (0.023 g, 0.133 mmol) and acetic acid (2.53 μl, 0.044 mmol). The reaction mixture stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes, then sodium cyanoborohydride (8.35 mg, 0.133 mmol) was added. Stirring was continued at the same temperature for 1 hour. The sample was concentrated to dryness, then DCM (1 mL) and TFA (1 mL) were added. The reaction mixture was stirred for 15 minutes and concentrated to dryness. The residue was diluted with DMF and purified by preparative HPLC to afford N1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-N4-(2-(methylamino)ethyl) cyclohexane-1,4-diamine indole (0.0013 g, 0.0015 mmol, 3.50% yield). HPLC retention time 1.21 min [Method C]. MS m/z: 465.4 (M+H). HPLC retention time 0.95 min [Method D]. MS m/z: 465.3 (M+H). ¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d₆) Shift 11.49-11.31 (m, 1H), 7.82 (br s, 1H), 7.48 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.25-7.00 (m, 4H), 3.83 (d, J=7.7 Hz, 6H), 3.58-3.42 (m, 1H), 3.41-3.31 (m, 1H), 3.24 (br d, J=9.8 Hz, 4H), 3.13 (br s, 1H), 2.64 (s, 3H), 2.20-2.00 (m, 4H), 1.55 (br d, J=12.8 Hz, 2H), 1.47-1.34 (m, 8H).

The following examples were prepare according to the general processes described in the above examples:

TABLE 4 Ret Ex. LCMS Time HPLC No. Structure MH⁺ (min) Method 31

465.4 1.37 QC- ACN- AA-XB 32

479.4 1.57 QC- ACN- AA-XB 33

479.1 1.41 BCQC- ACN- AA-XB 34

491.2 1.24 QC- ACN- AA-XB 35

493.2 0.95 QC- ACN- TFA-XB 36

493.3 1.31 QC- ACN- AA-XB 37

493.28 QC- ACN- AA-XB 38

505.4 1.48 QC- ACN- AA-XB 39

505.4 1.6 QC- ACN- AA-XB 40

505.3 1.26 QC- ACN- AA-XB 41

505.3 1.36 QC- ACN- AA-XB 42

507.4 1.04 QC- ACN- TFA-XB 43

507.3 1.13 QC- ACN- TFA-XB 44

519.3 1.76 QC- ACN- AA-XB 45

519.4 1.6 QC- ACN- AA-XB 46

519.3 0.95 QC- ACN- TFA-XB 47

521.4 1.39 QC- ACN- AA-XB 48

521.4 1.54 QC- ACN- AA-XB 49

533.4 1.49 QC- ACN- AA-XB 50

533.3 1.61 QC- ACN- AA-XB 51

533.4 1.86 QC- ACN- AA-XB 52

533.4 2.02 QC- ACN- AA-XB 53

533.3 1.05 QC- ACN- TFA-XB 54

535.3 1.49 QC- ACN- AA-XB 55

535.4 1.02 QC- ACN- TFA-XB 56

535.5 1.06 QC- ACN- TFA-XB 57

545.3 1.19 QC- ACN- TFA-XB 58

545.4 1.84 QC- ACN- AA-XB 59

554.4 1.59 QC- ACN- AA-XB 60

554.2 1.7 QC- ACN- AA-XB 61

574.4 1.44 QC- ACN- AA-XB 62

574 .4 1.35 QC- ACN- AA-XB 63

574.5 1.32 QC- ACN- AA-XB 64

574.5 1.39 QC- ACN- AA-XB 65

581.4 1.27 QC- ACN- TFA-XB 66

581.2 2.14 QC- ACN- AA-XB 67

588.5 1.02 QC- ACN- TFA-XB 68

519.5 1.16 QC- ACN- TFA-XB 69

533.4 1.73 QC- ACN- AA-XB 70

448.3 1.42 QC- ACN- AA-XB 71

450.4 1.45 QC- ACN- AA-XB 72

451.2 1.27 QC- ACN- AA-XB 73

463.3 1.03 QC- ACN- TFA-XB 74

464.3 1.72 QC- ACN- AA-XB 75

465.4 1.02 QC- ACN- TFA-XB 76

479.4 1.04 QC- ACN- TFA-XB 77

479.3 1.42 QC- ACN- AA-XB 78

491.4 1.22 QC- ACN- TFA-XB 79

491.3 1.29 QC- ACN- AA-XB 80

492.4 1.94 QC- ACN- AA-XB 81

493.3 1.34 QC- ACN- AA-XB 82

505.3 1.54 QC- ACN- AA-XB 83

505.4 1.04 QC- ACN- TFA-XB 84

505.4 1.58 QC- ACN- AA-XB 85

505.3 1.44 QC- ACN- AA-XB 86

507.4 1.06 QC- ACN- TFA-XB 87

517.3 1.1 QC- ACN- TFA-XB 88

519.4 1.09 QC- ACN- TFA-XB 89

519.3 1.3 QC- ACN- AA-XB 90

519.4 1.17 QC- ACN- TFA-XB 91

519.3 1.13 QC- ACN- TFA-XB 92

521.4 1.42 QC- ACN- AA-XB 93

531.5 1.2 QC- ACN- TFA-XB 94

540.3 1.47 QC- ACN- AA-XB 95

547.4 1.47 QC- ACN- AA-XB 96

555.4 2.03 QC- ACN- AA-XB 97

558.4 1.24 QC- ACN- TFA-XB 98

558.4 2.08 QC- ACN- AA-XB 99

560.5 1.05 QC- ACN- TFA-XB 100

560.5 1.38 QC- ACN- AA-XB 101

567.4 1.35 QC- ACN- TFA-XB 102

574.4 1.22 QC- ACN- AA-XB

Example 103 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-N-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-amine

To a 2-dram reaction vial were added tert-butyl 5-chloro-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-H-indole-1-carboxylate (0.018 g, 0.042 mmol), cesium carbonate (0.041 g, 0.126 mmol), 2nd generation Xphos precatalyst (3.29 mg, 4.19 μmol), 1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-amine (7.13 mg, 0.042 mmol) and dioxane (1 mL). The mixture was capped with a Teflon-lined cap and pump/purged with nitrogen gas three times. The mixture was set to heat at 100° C. for 2 hours. Upon cooling to room temperature, the mixture was concentrated, diluted with DCM/MeOH (3.0 mL) and filtered through a syringe filter. The filtrate was concentrated to a brownish residue. To the residue was added 4 M HCl/dioxane (1.0 mL). The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hour at room temperature. The mixture was concentrated to dryness under a stream of nitrogen gas, then was diluted with DMSO (2.0 mL) and purified by preparative HPLC to afford 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-N-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-amine (0.0029 g, 0.0060 mmol, 14.3% yield). HPLC retention time 1.44 min [Method C]. MS m/z: 464.4 (M+H). HPLC retention time 1.14 min [Method D]. MS m/z: 464.5 (M+H). ¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 11.05-10.72 (m, 1H), 8.48-8.17 (m, 1H), 7.96 (s, 1H), 7.37-7.19 (m, 1H), 7.16-6.96 (m, 4H), 4.05-3.93 (m, 1H), 3.82 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 3H), 3.49-3.40 (m, 1H), 3.37-3.26 (m, 1H), 2.90 (s, 2H), 2.80-2.68 (m, 4H), 2.56 (t, J=5.6 Hz, 2H), 2.14 (br d, J=12.1 Hz, 2H), 1.73 (br s, 2H), 1.50-1.17 (m, 15H).

The examples in Table 5 were prepared according to the general procedure disclosed in Example 103.

TABLE 5 Ret Ex. LCMS Time HPLC No. Structure MH⁺ (min) Method 104

422.3 1.48 QC-ACN- AA-XB 105

474.3 1.47 QC-ACN- TFA-XB 106

500.3 1.63 QC-ACN- AA-XB 107

479.3 1.28 QC-ACN- AA-XB 108

422.3 1.35 QC-ACN- AA-XB 109

433.3 1.54 QC-ACN- AA-XB 110

437.4 1.86 QC-ACN- AA-XB 111

441.1 0.76 QC-ACN- TFA-XB 112

447.3 1.68 QC-ACN- AA-XB 113

456.3 2.22 QC-ACN- AA-XB 114

466.4 1.43 QC-ACN- AA-XB 115

476.4 1.51 QC-ACN- AA-XB 116

478.3 1.45 QC-ACN- AA-XB 117

478.4 1.81 QC-ACN- AA-XB 118

510.4 1.7 QC-ACN- TFA-XB 119

524.3 2.23 QC-ACN- AA-XB 120

408.4 1. 51 QC-ACN- AA-XB

Example 121 5-(4-(1,4-diazepan-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indole

Intermediate 121A: tert-butyl 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5] decan-8-yl)-1H-indole-1l-carboxylate

To tert-butyl 5-chloro-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indole-1-carboxylate (1.040 g, 2.419 mmol), cesium carbonate (2.364 g, 7.26 mmol) in dioxane (10 mL) were added 2nd generation Xphos precatalyst (0.190 g, 0.242 mmol) and 1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]decane (0.693 g, 4.84 mmol). The reaction vessel was capped with a Teflon-lined cap and pump/purged with nitrogen gas three times. The reaction mixture was heated at 100° C. for 1 hour. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, concentrated to dryness under a stream of nitrogen gas and diluted with DCM and water. The contents was transferred to a separatory funnel and the layers were separated. The organics were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered and concentrated via rotary evaporation to afford tert-butyl 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]decan-8-yl)-1H-indole-1-carboxylate (1.30 g, 2.422 mmol, 100% yield). LCMS retention time 1.205 min [F1]. MS m/z: 537.5 (M+H).

Intermediate 121B: 1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperidin-4-one

To a 2-dram reaction vial were added tert-butyl 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(1,4-dioxa-8-azaspiro[4.5]decan-8-yl)-1H-indole-1-carboxylate (0.175 g, 0.326 mmol), DCM (2.0 mL) and TFA (4000 μl, 51.9 mmol). The vial was capped and the reaction mixture was stirred at 90° C. for 7 hours. The mixture was cooled to room temperature and concentrated to dryness under a stream of nitrogen gas to afford crude 1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperidin-4-one (0.135 g, 0.344 mmol, 100% yield). LCMS retention time 0.995 min [F1]. MS m/z: 393.0 (M+H).

Example 121

To 1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperidin-4-one (0.025 g, 0.064 mmol) in a reaction vial were added DCM (1 mL), tert-butyl 1,4-diazepane-1-carboxylate (0.038 g, 0.191 mmol) and acetic acid (3.63 μl, 0.064 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 15 minutes, then sodium cyanoborohydride (0.012 g, 0.191 mmol) was added. Stirring was continued at the same temperature for 1 hour. The sample was concentrated to dryness. Next, DCM (1 mL) and TFA (1 mL) were added. The reaction mixture was stirred for 15 minutes and concentrated to dryness. The residue was diluted with DMF and purified by preparative HPLC to afford 5-(4-(1,4-diazepan-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indole (0.0043 g, 0.009 mmol, 14% yield). HPLC retention time 1.36 min [Method C]. MS (E⁻) m/z: 477.3 (M+H). HPLC retention time 0.98 min [Method D]. MS m/z: 477.3 (M+H). ¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 11.24-11.01 (m, 1H), 7.65 (br s, 1H), 7.38 (br d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.28 (s, 1H), 7.21-7.00 (m, 4H), 3.83 (d, J=8.1 Hz, 8H), 3.71 (br d, J=11.4 Hz, 3H), 3.58-3.43 (m, 1H), 3.39-3.25 (m, 3H), 3.18 (s, 1H), 2.27-1.97 (m, 7H), 1.42 (br d, J=6.7 Hz, 8H), 0.84-0.84 (m, 1H).

Example 122 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(1-isopropylazepan-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole

Intermediate 122A: tert-butyl 5-(4-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indole-1-carboxylate

To a 2-dram vial were added tert-butyl 5-chloro-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indole-1-carboxylate (0.215 g, 0.500 mmol), cesium carbonate (0.489 g, 1.500 mmol), 2nd generation XPhos precatalyst (0.039 g, 0.050 mmol) and tert-butyl piperazine-1-carboxylate (0.279 g, 1.500 mmol) in dioxane (3.0 mL). The mixture was capped with a Teflon-lined cap and pump/purged with nitrogen gas three times. The mixture was heated at 100° C. for 48 hours. The reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature, concentrated to dryness under a stream of nitrogen gas, and diluted with ethyl acetate and water. The contents were transferred to a separatory funnel and the layers were separated. The organics were washed with brine, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, and concentrated via rotary evaporation. The residue was purified by silica gel chromatography and following concentration of like fractions, tert-butyl 5-(4-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indole-1-carboxylate (0.225 g, 0.322 mmol, 78% yield) was collected. LCMS retention time 1.10 min [B1]. MS m/z: 580.4 (M+H).

Intermediate 122B: 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole, TFA Salt

To a 2-dram reaction vial were added tert-butyl 5-(4-(tert-butoxycarbonyl) piperazin-1-yl)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indole-1-carboxylate (0.055 g, 0.095 mmol), DCM (0.5 mL) and TFA (0.073 mL, 0.949 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes, then concentrated under a stream of nitrogen gas to afford 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole TFA salt (0.045 g, 0.95 mmol, 100% yield) as a yellowish residue. LCMS retention time 1.16 min [D]. MS m/z: 380.3 (M+H).

Intermediate 122C: 5-(4-(azepan-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indole, 2 TFA

To a 2 dram vial were added 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate (0.030 g, 0.061 mmol) and DMF (1 mL). Next, TEA (0.042 mL, 0.304 mmol), tert-butyl 4-oxoazepane-1-carboxylate (0.026 g, 0.122 mmol), and acetic acid (0.010 mL) were added. The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hour at room temperature and sodium cyanoborohydride (0.011 g, 0.182 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred for 16 hours at room temperature, then diluted with water (0.5 mL) and concentrated. DCM (0.5 mL) and TFA (0.5 mL) were added and stirred for 20 minutes. This was concentrated and the resulting yellowish residue, 5-(4-(azepan-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indole, 2 TFA. LCMS retention time 1.09 min [C]. MS m/z: 477.4 (M+H).

Example 122

To a 2 dram vial were added 5-(4-(azepan-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indole bis(2,2,2-trifluoroacetate) (0.020 g, 0.028 mmol) and DMF (1 mL). Next, TEA (0.020 mL, 0.142 mmol), propan-2-one (4.95 mg, 0.085 mmol) and acetic acid (0.010 mL) were added. The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hour at room temperature and sodium cyanoborohydride (5.35 mg, 0.085 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred for 16 hours at room temperature and diluted with water (0.1 mL) and MeOH (1.0 mL). The solids were filtered off and the resulting solution was purified by preparative HPLC to afford 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(1-isopropylazepan-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole (0.0042 g, 0.0077 mmol, 27% yield). HPLC retention time 1.39 min [Method C]. MS m/z: 519.4 (M+H). HPLC retention time 1.14 min [Method D]. MS m/z: 519.5 (M+H). ¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 10.71 (br s, 1H), 7.18 (br d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.10 (br s, 1H), 7.04-6.90 (m, 3H), 6.81 (br d, J=8.1 Hz, 1H), 3.75 (d, J=9.1 Hz, 8H), 3.38 (br s, 1H), 3.32-3.21 (m, 1H), 3.20-3.01 (m, 3H), 2.83 (s, 2H), 2.67 (s, 2H), 2.25-1.58 (m, 8H), 1.34 (br d, J=7.1 Hz, 6H), 1.18 (br d, J=5.7 Hz, 8H).

The examples in Table 6 were prepared according to the general procedure disclosed in the above examples.

TABLE 6 Ret Ex. LCMS Time HPLC No. Structure MH⁺ (min) Method 123

491.4 1.06 QC-ACN- TFA-XB 124

476.3 1.41 QC-ACN- AA-XB 125

477.2 1.17 QC-ACN- AA-XB

Example 126 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole, TFA Salt

To a 2-dram reaction vial were added tert-butyl 5-(4-(tert-butoxycarbonyl) piperazin-1-yl)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indole-1-carboxylate (0.055 g, 0.095 mmol), DCM (0.5 mL) and TFA (0.073 mL, 0.949 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 30 minutes, then concentrated under a stream of nitrogen gas to yield a yellowish residue. The residue was diluted with DMF and purified by preparative HPLC to afford 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole (0.0076 g, 0.019 mmol, 20% yield). HPLC retention time 1.17 min [Method C]. MS m/z: 380.3 (M+H). HPLC retention time 1.16 min [Method D]. MS m/z: 380.3 (M+H). ¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 10.86-10.74 (m, 1H), 8.73 (br s, 1H), 7.95 (s, 1H), 7.27 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 7.19 (s, 1H), 7.12-6.98 (m, 3H), 6.88 (br d, J=8.8 Hz, 1H), 3.82 (d, J=8.8 Hz, 6H), 3.57-3.44 (m, 2H), 3.38-3.20 (m, 3H), 2.89 (s, 2H), 2.74 (s, 2H), 1.41 (br d, J=7.1 Hz, 6H).

Example 127 2-(4-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-N-methylethanamine

To a 2-dram reaction vial were added 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole, 2,2,2-trifluoroacetate (0.015 g, 0.030 mmol) and DMF (1 mL). Next, TEA (0.021 mL, 0.152 mmol), tert-butyl methyl(2-oxoethyl)carbamate (0.011 g, 0.061 mmol) and acetic acid (0.010 mL) were added. The reaction mixture was stirred for 1 hour at room temperature and sodium cyanoborohydride (5.73 mg, 0.091 mmol) was added. The reaction mixture was stirred overnight at room temperature. The reaction mixture was diluted with water (0.5 mL) and concentrated under a stream of nitrogen gas. This residue was diluted with DCM (0.5 mL) and TFA (0.5 mL) and stirred for 30 minutes at room temperature. The sample was concentrated, diluted with DMF (2.0 mL), filtered and purified by preparative HPLC to afford 2-(4-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-N-methylethanamine indole (0.013 g, 0.0080 mmol, 27% yield). HPLC retention time 1.62 min [Method C]. MS m/z: 519.4 (M+H). HPLC retention time 1.15 min [Method D]. MS m/z: 519.5 (M+H). ¹H NMR (500 MHz, DMSO-d₆) δ 11.06-10.85 (m, 1H), 7.31 (br d, J=8.4 Hz, 1H), 7.27 (s, 1H), 7.13-6.95 (m, 4H), 3.82 (d, J=8.4 Hz, 6H), 3.46 (br s, 1H), 3.51-3.40 (m, 1H), 3.37-3.28 (m, 1H), 3.23 (br s, 2H), 3.14-2.93 (m, 3H), 2.90 (s, 1H), 2.74 (s, 1H), 2.64 (s, 4H), 1.71-1.47 (m, 1H), 1.48-1.18 (m, 7H), 1.37-1.18 (m, 1H).

The examples in Table 7 were prepared according to the same procedure disclosed in the above examples.

TABLE 7 Ret Ex. LCMS Time HPLC No. Structure MH⁺ (min) Method 128

360 1.18 QC-ACN- AA-XB 129

367.3 1.39 QC-ACN- TFA-XB 130

375.2 1.13 BCQC-ACN- AA-XB 131

448.4 1.34 QC-ACN- AA-XB 132

464.3 1.34 QC-ACN- AA-XB 133

478.4 1.39 QC-ACN- AA-XB 134

478.4 1.45 BCQC-ACN- AA-XB 135

420.3 1.48 QC-ACN- AA-XB 136

420.4 1.37 QC-ACN- AA-XB 137

394.3 1.13 QC-ACN- AA-XB 138

417.3 1.01 QC-ACN- AA-XB 139

418.3 1.21 QC-ACN- AA-XB 140

423.3 0.97 QC-ACN- TFA-XB 141

429.4 1.04 QC-ACN- AA-XB 142

432.3 0.71 QC-ACN- TFA-XB 143

434.4 0.78 QC-ACN- TFA-XB 144

437.3 1.06 QC-ACN- TFA-XB 145

443.4 1.08 QC-ACN- AA-XB 146

446.2 1.56 QC-ACN- AA-XB 147

446.3 1.31 QC-ACN- AA-XB 148

448.4 1.19 QC-ACN- AA-XB 149

449.2 0.93 QC-ACN- TFA-XB 150

451.4 1.1 QC-ACN- TFA-XB 151

457.4 1.12 QC-ACN- AA-XB 152

460.4 1.46 QC-ACN- AA-XB 153

462.4 1.23 QC-ACN- AA-XB 154

463.4 1.01 QC-ACN- TFA-XB 155

463.3 1.12 QC-ACN- AA-XB 156

464.3 1.37 QC-ACN- AA-XB 157

471.3 0.81 QC-ACN- TFA- XB 158

471.4 1.27 QC-ACN- AA-XB 159

472.3 1.23 QC-ACN- AA-XB 160

476.4 1.41 QC-ACN- AA-XB 161

476.4 1.3 QC-ACN- AA-XB 162

477.4 1.13 QC-ACN- TFA-XB 163

477.4 1.2 QC-ACN- AA-XB 164

477.3 1.24 QC-ACN- AA-XB 165

485.4 0.87 QC-ACN- TFA-XB 166

485.3 1.22 QC-ACN- AA-XB 167

486.2 1.13 QC-ACN- AA-XB 168

486.1 1.29 QC-ACN- AA-XB 169

491.4 1.24 QC-ACN- AA-XB 170

491.3 1.38 QC-ACN- AA-XB 171

491.2 1.04 QC-ACN- TFA-XB 172

491.3 1.28 QC-ACN- AA-XB 173

492.3 1.3 QC-ACN- TFA-XB 174

492.4 1.08 QC-ACN- TFA-XB 175

500.4 0.77 QC-ACN- TFA-XB 176

505.4 1.3 QC-ACN- AA-XB 177

505.4 1.48 QC-ACN- AA-XB 178

437.4 1.09 QC-ACN- TFA-XB 179

477.3 1.27 QC-ACN- AA-XB 180

505.4 1.11 QC-ACN- TFA-XB 181

448.4 0.98 QC-ACN- TFA-XB 182

461.3 1.6 QC-ACN- AA-XB 183

476.4 1.03 QC-ACN- TFA-XB 184

477.4 1.4 QC-ACN- AA-XB 185

487.4 1.18 QC-ACN- AA-XB 186

490.2 1.07 QC- ACN- TFA-XB 187

492.4 1.5 QC-ACN- AA-XB 188

492.3 1.41 QC-ACN- AA-XB 189

493.3 1.57 QC-ACN- AA-XB 190

506.3 1.11 QC-ACN- TFA-XB 191

506.3 1.09 QC-ACN- TFA-XB 192

519.3 1.36 QC-ACN- AA-XB 193

603.4 1.47 QC-ACN- AA-XB

BIOLOGICAL ASSAYS

The pharmacological properties of the compounds of this invention may be confirmed by a number of biological assays. The exemplified biological assays, which follow, have been carried out with compounds of the invention.

TLR7/8/9 Inhibition Reporter Assays

HEK-Blue™-cells (Invivogen) overexpressing human TLR7, TLR8 or TLR9 receptors were used for screening inhibitors of these receptors using an inducible SEAP (secreted embryonic alkaline phosphatase) reporter gene under the control of the IFN-β minimal promoter fused to five NF-κB and AP-1-binding sites. Briefly, cells are seeded into Greiner 384 well plates (15000 cells per well for TLR7, 20,000 for TLR8 and 25,000 for TLR9) and then treated with test compounds in DMSO to yield a final dose response concentration range of 0.05 nM-50 μM. After a 30 minute compound pre-treatment at room temperature, the cells are then stimulated with a TLR7 ligand (gardiquimod at a final concentration of 7.5 μM), TLR8 ligand (R848 at a final concentration of 15.9 μM) or TLR9 ligand (ODN2006 at a final concentration of 5 nM) to activate NF-κB and AP-1 which induce the production of SEAP. After a 22 hour incubation at 37° C., 5% CO₂, SEAP levels are determined with the addition of HEK-Blue™ Detection reagent (Invivogen), a cell culture medium that allows for detection of SEAP, according to manufacturer's specifications. The percent inhibition is determined as the % reduction in the HEK-Blue signal present in wells treated with agonist plus DMSO alone compared to wells treated with a known inhibitor.

TABLE 8 TLR7/8/9 Reporter Assay Data (NT = not tested) TLR7 TLR8 TLR9 Ex. IC₅₀ IC₅₀ IC₅₀ No. (nM) (nM) (nM) 1 189 16 488 2 99 28 4974 3 44 31 10848 4 67 81 9214 5 6.4 5.8 597 6 3.9 4.9 1023 7 1590 603 17287 8 92 25 >50000 9 817 70 5662 10 73 96 7716 11 290 17 8596 12 202 37 5608 13 51 8.4 550 14 347 67 7831 15 25 3.4 7462 16 2074 47 5763 17 299 72 6002 18 280 89 NT 19 441 97 NT 20 125 106 >50000 21 128 75 1386 22 670 213 19343 23 969 433 >50000 24 1078 216 >50000 25 621 101 >50000 26 1177 194 11291 27 180 14 >50000 28 2217 NT 627 29 760 27 3751 30 434 234 281 31 1128 NT 1438 32 191 NT 610 33 136 NT 650 34 281 NT 769 35 129 261 608 36 225 NT 583 37 171 NT 1427 38 450 NT 716 39 242 NT 1228 40 43 171 570 41 221 NT 991 42 106 NT 1006 43 252 NT 477 44 375 NT 4073 45 349 NT 1270 46 1053 NT 817 47 222 276 624 48 322 NT 1253 49 538 NT 512 50 431 NT 561 51 767 NT 1404 52 403 NT 1581 53 659 NT 1207 54 269 NT 970 55 167 NT 631 56 136 NT 590 57 353 NT 460 58 351 NT 1079 59 196 106 218 60 153 112 253 61 144 174 555 62 211 212 323 63 257 NT 405 64 357 NT 555 65 1180 NT 588 66 686 NT 583 67 322 NT 589 68 34 11 676 69 1155 14330 2608 70 130 3.1 1705 71 NT >50000 608 72 15 2.8 1386 73 63 65 2111 74 62 15 5207 75 206 NT 3864 76 18 7.8 782 77 61 9.6 1984 78 50 14 929 79 9.8 4.7 640 80 130 19 5794 81 44 10 1053 82 114 NT 6563 83 287 NT 1287 84 16 4.7 999 85 23 16 637 86 41 4.8 2801 87 337 NT 9798 88 69 NT 4637 89 31 5 2004 90 37 19 809 91 116 92 1940 92 19 12 1751 93 132 NT 925 94 33 3.5 816 95 39 7.8 533 96 436 1053 2838 97 862 1906 6606 98 181 NT 1524 99 11 62 538 100 102 NT 1006 101 1353 NT 1902 102 16 28 413 103 1116 8.2 2668 104 1306 9.7 6819 105 1399 17 2256 106 1398 35 1427 107 31 55 3457 108 23 10 2530 109 28 211 15111 110 194 328 29455 111 2.4 1.8 3458 112 62 9.4 6178 113 1205 1280 >50000 114 460 24 951 115 31 61 621 116 936 94 18848 117 188 5.3 5048 118 1122 325 1760 119 1405 24 2303 120 118 17 3294 121 15 5.2 993 122 42 3.4 621 123 281 NT 1695 124 1519 NT 1296 125 376 NT 758 126 53 14 4744 127 45 15 6319 128 2.3 0.41 8096 129 75 22 3319 130 2 7.8 1155 131 187 132 648 132 250 NT 1052 133 16 55 339 134 54 94 462 135 774 95 2459 136 542 35 2651 137 70 NT 2957 138 2 0.62 939 139 2759 1072 157 140 235 NT 3937 141 2171 1723 124 142 3666 7882 225 143 75 10 839 144 45 45 952 145 2461 NT 197 146 206 12 1954 147 4648 17904 227 148 96 32 446 149 681 62 727 150 360 102 425 151 4227 47453 327 152 2217 NT 342 153 83 11 755 154 79 14 829 155 NT >50000 451 156 52 6.6 597 157 4235 635 559 158 12542 45432 198 159 5636 6006 684 160 106 14 470 161 63 8.1 243 162 30 7.9 935 163 68 9.3 709 164 7087 >50000 577 165 5902 9396 685 166 6.2 0.05 318 167 5182 NT 411 168 >50000 47968 259 169 61 10 442 170 19112 48430 465 171 8988 32242 379 172 96 131 478 173 59 9.8 673 174 NT >50000 465 175 7.5 11 261 176 68 28 866 177 166 11 1536 178 1040 NT 2303 179 831 NT 1100 180 537 NT 652 181 54 74 517 182 NT 47921 658 183 95 59 672 184 66 26 1518 185 15038 18589 1410 186 1209 1591 2853 187 83 167 1448 188 161 NT 986 189 16080 NT 441 190 33 35 667 191 87 66 836 192 36 7.7 322 193 81 NT 546 — — — — 

1. A compound of Formula (I)

N-oxide, or a salt thereof, wherein: G is: (i)

(ii)

(iii)

(iv) a 9-membered heterocyclic ring selected from:

or (v) 10-membered heterocyclic ring selected from:

R₁ is H, Cl, —CN, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₃ fluoroalkyl, C₁₋₃ hydroxyalkyl, C₁₋₃ hydroxy-fluoroalkyl, —CR_(v)═CH₂, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, —CH₂(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl), —C(O)O(C₁₋₃ alkyl), or tetrahydropyranyl; each R₂ is independently halo, —CN, —OH, —NO₂, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₂ fluoroalkyl, C₁₋₂ cyanoalkyl, C₁₋₃ hydroxyalkyl, C₁₋₃ aminoalkyl, —O(CH₂)₁₋₂OH, —(CH₂)₀₋₄O(C₁₋₄ alkyl), C₁₋₃ fluoroalkoxy, —(CH₂)₁₋₄O(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —O(CH₂)₁₋₂OC(O)(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —O(CH₂)₁₋₂NR_(x)R_(x), —C(O)O(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —(CH₂)₀₋₂C(O)NR_(y)R_(y), —C(O)NR_(x)(C₁₋₅ hydroxyalkyl), —C(O)NR_(x)(C₂₋₆ alkoxyalkyl), —C(O)NR_(x)(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl), —NR_(y)R_(y), —NR_(y)(C₁₋₃ fluoroalkyl), —NR_(y)(C₁₋₄ hydroxyalkyl), —NR_(x)CH₂(phenyl), —NR_(x)S(O)₂(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl), —NR_(x)C(O)(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —NR_(x)CH₂(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl), —(CH₂)₀₋₂S(O)₂(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —(CH₂)₀₋₂(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl), —(CH₂)₀₋₂(phenyl), morpholinyl, dioxothiomorpholinyl, dimethyl pyrazolyl, methylpiperidinyl, methylpiperazinyl, amino-oxadiazolyl, imidazolyl, triazolyl, or —C(O)(thiazolyl); R_(2a) is C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₃ fluoroalkyl, C₁₋₆ hydroxyalkyl, C₁₋₃ aminoalkyl, —(CH₂)₀₋₄O(C₁₋₃ alkyl), C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, —(CH₂)₁₋₃C(O)NR_(x)R_(x), —CH₂(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl), —CH₂(phenyl), tetrahydrofuranyl, tetrahydropyranyl, or phenyl; each R_(2b) is independently H, halo, —CN, —NR_(x)R_(x), C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₃ fluoroalkyl, C₁₋₃ hydroxyalkyl, C₁₋₃ fluoroalkoxy, —(CH₂)₀₋₂O(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —(CH₂)₀₋₃C(O)NR_(x)R_(x), —(CH₂)₁₋₃(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl), —C(O)O(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —C(O)NR_(x)(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —CR_(x)═CR_(x)R_(x), or —CR_(x)═CH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl); R_(2c) is R_(2a) or R_(2b); R_(2d) is R_(2a) or R_(2b); provided that one of R_(2c) and R_(2d) is R_(2a), and the other of R_(2c) and R₂ is R_(2b); each R₅ is independently F, Cl, —CN, C₁₋₃ alkyl, C₁₋₂ fluoroalkyl, or —OCH₃; R₇ is: (i) R_(7a), —CH₂R_(7a), —C(O)R_(7a), —C(O)CH(NH₂)R_(7a), —C(O)(CH₂)₁₋₃NH₂, —C(O)CH(NH₂)(C₁₋₄ alkyl), —C(O)CH(NH₂)(CH₂)₁₋₂C(O)OH, —C(O)CH(NH₂)(CH₂)₂₋₄NH₂, or —C(O)CH(NH₂)(CH₂)₁₋₃C(O)NH₂; or (ii) C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl substituted with one substituent selected from —NR_(x)(CH₂)₂₋₃NR_(y)R_(y), —NR_(x)(methylpiperidinyl), —NR_(x)(CH₂)₂₋₃(morpholinyl), dimethylamino piperidinyl, and piperazinyl substituted with a substituent selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, —C(O)CH₃, —(CH₂)₁₋₂OCH₃, —CH₂(methylphenyl), —(CH₂)₂₋₃(pyrrolidinyl), C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, pyridinyl, and methylpiperidinyl; R_(7a) is azaspiro[3.5]nonanyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, diazaspiro[3.5]nonanyl, diazaspiro[5.5]undecanyl, diazepanonyl, diazepanyl, morpholinyl, phenyl, piperazinyl, piperidinyl, pyrrolidinonyl, pyrrolidinyl, or pyrrolyl, each substituted with zero to 1 substituent selected from C₁₋₃ alkyl, —NH₂, methylpiperidinyl, methylpyrrolidinyl, —OCH₂CH₂(pyrrolidinyl), and —OCH₂CH₂NHCH₂CH₃; and zero to 4 substituents selected from —CH₃; R_(7b) is: (i) C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₃ hydroxyalkyl, —(CH₂)₂₋₃C≡CH, —(CH₂)₁₋₂O(C₁₋₂ alkyl), —(CH₂)₁₋₂S(O)₂(C₁₋₂ alkyl), —(CH₂)₀₋₃NR_(x)R_(y), —CH₂C(O)NR_(x)R_(x), —NR_(x)(C₁₋₄ hydroxyalkyl), —NR_(y)(C₁₋₂ cyanoalkyl), —NR_(x)(C₁₋₂ fluoroalkyl), —NR_(x)(C₂₋₄ hydroxyfluoroalkyl), —NR_(x)(CH₂)₀₋₂C(O)NR_(x)R_(x), —NR_(x)(CH₂)₁₋₃NR_(x)R_(x), —NR_(x)CH₂CH₂NR_(x)R_(x), —NR_(x)C(O)(CH₂)₁₋₂NR_(x)R_(x), —O(CH₂)₁₋₃NR_(x)R_(x), —C(O)CH₂NR_(x)R_(x), —(CH₂)₁₋₂R_(7d), —NHR_(7d), —NH(CH₂)₁₋₂R_(7d), or —OR_(7d); or (ii) azepanyl, azetidinyl, diazepanyl, dioxothiomorpholinyl, morpholinyl, oxaazaspiro[3.3]heptanyl, oxetanyl, piperazinonyl, piperazinyl, piperidinyl, pyridinyl, pyrrolidinonyl, pyrrolidinyl, or tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, each substituted with zero to 1 R_(8a) and zero to 3 R_(8b); each R_(7c) is independently F, Cl, —CN, C₁₋₂ alkyl, —CF₃, or —CH₂CN; R_(7d) is azaspiro[3.5]nonanyl, bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, morpholinyl, oxetanyl, phenyl, piperidinyl, pyrazolyl, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, or tetrahydropyranyl, each substituted with zero to 1 substituent selected from C₁₋₃ alkyl, —NR_(x)R_(x), —C(O)CH₃, methylpiperidinyl, methylpyrrolidinyl, tetramethylpiperidinyl, —OCH₂CH₂(pyrrolidinyl), and —OCH₂CH₂NHCH₂CH₃; and zero to 4 substituents selected from —CH₃; R₈ is H or C₁₋₃ alkyl; or R₇ and R₈ together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a heterocyclic ring selected from azetidinyl, diazepanonyl, diazepanyl, diazaspiro[3.5]nonanyl, diazaspiro[5.5]undecanyl, imidazolyl, imidazolidinonyl, octahydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridinyl, piperazinyl, piperidinyl, pyrrolidinonyl, pyrrolidinyl, and pyrrolyl, wherein said heterocyclic ring is substituted with zero to 1 R_(7b) and zero to 2 R_(7c); R_(8a) is —OH, C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₄ fluoroalkyl, C₁₋₄ hydroxyalkyl, —(CH₂)₁₋₂O(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —C(O)(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —(CH₂)₁₋₂(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl), —(CH₂)₁₋₃(methyl phenyl), —(CH₂)₁₋₃(pyrrolidinyl), —(CH₂)₁₋₃(methylpyrazolyl), —(CH₂)₁₋₃(thiophenyl), —NR_(x)R_(x), C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, methylpiperidinyl, pyridinyl, or pyrimidinyl; each R_(8b) is independently F, Cl, —CN, C₁₋₃ alkyl, or —CF₃; R_(v) is H, C₁₋₂ alkyl, or C₁₋₂ fluoroalkyl; each R_(x) is independently H or —CH₃; each R_(y) is independently H or C₁₋₆ alkyl; n is zero, 1, or 2; and p is zero, 1, 2, 3, or
 4. 2. The compound according to claim 1, N-oxide, or a salt thereof, wherein: R₁ is H, Cl, —CN, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₂ fluoroalkyl, C₁₋₂ hydroxyalkyl, or —C(O)O(C₁₋₂ alkyl); each R₂ is independently F, Cl, —CN, —OH, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₂ fluoroalkyl, C₁₋₂ cyanoalkyl, C₁₋₃ hydroxyalkyl, C₁₋₃ aminoalkyl, —(CH₂)₀₋₂O(C₁₋₄ alkyl), —NR_(y)R_(y), —(CH₂)₀₋₂C(O)NR_(y)R_(y), —C(O)NR_(x)(C₁₋₄ hydroxyalkyl), —C(O)NR_(x)(C₂₋₄ alkoxyalkyl), —C(O)NR_(x)(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl), —(CH₂)₀₋₂S(O)₂(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —(CH₂)₀₋₁(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl), morpholinyl, —(CH₂)₀₋₁(phenyl), or dimethyl pyrazolyl; R_(2a) is C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₂ fluoroalkyl, C₁₋₄ hydroxyalkyl, —(CH₂)₁₋₃OCH₃, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, —CH₂C(O)NR_(x)R_(x), —CH₂(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl), —CH₂(phenyl), tetrahydrofuranyl, or phenyl; each R_(2b) is independently H, F, Cl, —CN, —NR_(x)R_(x), C₁₋₆ alkyl, C₁₋₂ fluoroalkyl, C₁₋₃ hydroxyalkyl, —(CH₂)₀₋₂O(C₁₋₂ alkyl), —(CH₂)₀₋₂C(O)NR_(x)R_(x), —(CH₂)₁₋₃(cyclopropyl), —C(O)O(C₁₋₂ alkyl), —C(O)NR_(x)(C₁₋₃ alkyl), —CR_(x)═CH₂, or —CH═CH(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl); each R₅ is independently F, Cl, —CN, C₁₋₂ alkyl, or —OCH₃; R₇ is: (i) R_(7a), —CH₂R_(7a), —C(O)R_(7a), —C(O)CH(NH₂)R_(7a), —C(O)(CH₂)₁₋₃NH₂, —C(O)CH(NH₂)(C₁₋₄ alkyl), —C(O)CH(NH₂)(CH₂)₁₋₂C(O)OH, —C(O)CH(NH₂)(CH₂)₂₋₄NH₂, or —C(O)CH(NH₂)(CH₂)₁₋₃C(O)NH₂; or (ii) C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl substituted with one substituent selected from —NR_(x)(CH₂)₂₋₃NR_(x)R_(x), —NH(CH₂)₂₋₃NHCH₃, —NH(methylpiperidinyl), —NH(CH₂)₂₋₃(morpholinyl), dimethylamino piperidinyl, and piperazinyl substituted with a substituent selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, —C(O)CH₃, —(CH₂)₁₋₂OCH₃, —CH₂(methylphenyl), —(CH₂)₂₋₃(pyrrolidinyl), C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, pyridinyl, and methylpiperidinyl; R_(7b) is: (i) C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₃ hydroxyalkyl, —(CH₂)₂₋₃C≡CH, —(CH₂)₁₋₂O(C₁₋₂ alkyl), —(CH₂)₁₋₂S(O)₂(C₁₋₂ alkyl), —(CH₂)₀₋₃NR_(x)R_(y), —CH₂C(O)NR_(x)R_(x), —NR_(x)(C₁₋₄ hydroxyalkyl), —NR_(y)(C₁₋₂ cyanoalkyl), —NR_(x)(C₁₋₂ fluoroalkyl), —NR_(x)(C₂₋₄ hydroxyfluoroalkyl), —NR_(x)(CH₂)₁₋₂C(O)NR_(x)R_(x), —NR_(x)(CH₂)₁₋₃NR_(x)R_(x), —NR_(x)CH₂CH₂NR_(x)R_(x), —NR_(x)C(O)(CH₂)₁₋₂NR_(x)R_(x), —O(CH₂)₁₋₃NR_(x)R_(x), —C(O)CH₂NR_(x)R_(x), —(CH₂)₁₋₂R_(7d), —NHR_(7d), —NH(CH₂)₁₋₂R_(7d), or —OR_(7d); or (ii) azepanyl, azetidinyl, diazepanyl, dioxothiomorpholinyl, morpholinyl, oxaazaspiro[3.3]heptanyl, oxetanyl, piperazinonyl, piperazinyl, piperidinyl, pyridinyl, pyrrolidinonyl, pyrrolidinyl, or tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, each substituted with zero to 1 R_(8a) and zero to 3 R_(8b); each R_(7c) is independently F, —CH₃ or —CH₂CN; R_(7d) is azaspiro[3.5]nonanyl, bicyclo[1.1.1]pentanyl, C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, morpholinyl, oxetanyl, phenyl, piperidinyl, pyrazolyl, pyrrolidinyl, tetrahydrofuranyl, or tetrahydropyranyl, each substituted with zero to 1 substituent selected from C₁₋₃ alkyl, —NH₂, —C(O)CH₃, methylpiperidinyl, methylpyrrolidinyl, tetramethylpiperidinyl, —OCH₂CH₂(pyrrolidinyl), and —OCH₂CH₂NHCH₂CH₃; and zero to 4 substituents selected from —CH₃; R₈ is H or C₁₋₂ alkyl; or R₇ and R₈ together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a heterocyclic ring selected from azetidinyl, diazepanonyl, diazepanyl, diazaspiro[3.5]nonanyl, diazaspiro[5.5]undecanyl, imidazolyl, imidazolidinonyl, octahydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridinyl, piperazinyl, piperidinyl, pyrrolidinonyl, pyrrolidinyl, and pyrrolyl, wherein said heterocyclic ring is substituted with zero to 1 R_(7b) and zero to 2 R_(7c); R_(8a) is —OH, C₁₋₄ alkyl, C₁₋₃ fluoroalkyl, —(CH₂)₁₋₂O(C₁₋₂ alkyl), —C(O)(C₁₋₂ alkyl), —CH₂(C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl), —(CH₂)₁₋₂(methyl phenyl), —(CH₂)₁₋₃(pyrrolidinyl), —(CH₂)₁₋₂(methylpyrazolyl), —(CH₂)₁₋₂(thiophenyl), —NR_(x)R_(x), C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, methylpiperidinyl, or pyridinyl; and each R_(8b) is independently F or —CH₃.
 3. The compound according to claim 1, N-oxide, or a salt thereof, wherein: G is: (i)

(ii)

(iii)

or (iv)


4. The compound according to claim 1, N-oxide, or a salt thereof, wherein: G is: (i)

(ii)

(iii)

or (iv)

R₁ is —CH₃, —CH₂CH₃, or —CH(CH₃)₂; each R₂ is independently Cl, —CH₃, or —OCH₃; R_(2a) is —CH₃; each R_(2b) is independently H, Cl, or —CH₃; each R₅ is independently —CH₃ or —CH(CH₃)₂; R₇ is: (i) —CH₂(isopropyl azaspiro[3.5]nonanyl), —CH₂(methylpyrrolidinyl), —C(O)(CH₂)₁₋₃NH₂, —C(O)CH(NH₂)CH₂CH₂CH₃, —C(O)CH(NH₂)CH₂CH(CH₃)₂, —C(O)CH(NH₂)CH(CH₃)CH₂CH₃, —C(O)CH(NH₂)CH₂CH₂C(O)OH, —C(O)CH(NH₂)(CH₂)₃₋₄NH₂, —C(O)CH(NH₂)(CH₂)₁₋₂C(O)NH₂, —C(O)CH(NH₂)(cyclohexyl), —C(O)CH(NH₂)(phenyl), —C(O)(aminocyclohexyl), —C(O)(morpholinyl), —C(O)(pyrrolidinyl), pentamethylpiperidinyl, methylpiperidinyl-piperidinyl, methylpyrrolidinyl-pyrrolidinyl, or phenyl substituted with —OCH₂CH₂(pyrrolidinyl) or —OCH₂CH₂NHCH₂CH₃; or (ii) cyclohexyl substituted with —NR_(x)(CH₂)₂₋₃N(CH₃)₂, —NHCH₂CH₂NHCH₃, —NH(methylpiperidinyl), —NH(CH₂)₂₋₃(morpholinyl), dimethylamino piperidinyl, or piperazinyl substituted with —CH₃, —CH₂CH₃, —C(CH₃)₃, —CH₂CH(CH₃)₂, —C(O)CH₃, —CH₂CH₂OCH₃, —CH₂(methylphenyl), —(CH₂)₂₋₃(pyrrolidinyl), cyclopentyl, pyridinyl, or methylpiperidinyl; R₈ is H, —CH₃ or —CH₂CH₃; or R₇ and R* together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a heterocyclic ring selected from azetidinyl, diazepanonyl, diazepanyl, diazaspiro[3.5]nonanyl, diazaspiro[5.5]undecanyl, imidazolidinonyl, octahydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridinyl, piperazinyl, piperidinyl, pyrrolidinonyl, and pyrrolidinyl, wherein said heterocyclic ring is substituted with zero to 1 R_(7b) and zero to 2 R_(7c); R_(7b) is: (i) —CH₃, —CH(CH₃)₂, —C(CH₃)₂OH, —CH₂CH₂CH₂C≡CH, —CH₂CH₂NH(CH₃), —CH₂CH₂N(CH₃)₂, —NR_(x)R_(x), —NHCH₂CH₂NH(CH₃), —NHCH₂CH₂N(CH₃)₂, —N(CH₃)CH₂CH₂NH₂, —NR_(x)CH₂CH₂CH₂N(CH₃)₂, —OCH₂CH₂N(CH₃)₂, —CH₂(phenyl), —CH₂(methyl pyrazolyl), —CH₂CH₂(pyrrolidinyl), —NH(methylpiperidinyl), —NH(isopropylpiperidinyl), —NH(pentamethylpiperidinyl), —NH(acetylpiperidinyl), —NHCH₂CH₂(morpholinyl), —O(piperidinyl), —O(methylpiperidinyl), —O(ethylpiperidinyl), —O(isopropylpiperidinyl), or —O(piperidinyl)-(tetramethylpiperidinyl); or (ii) azepanyl, diazepanyl, morpholinyl, piperazinyl, piperidinyl, pyridinyl, pyrrolidinonyl, pyrrolidinyl, or tetrahydroisoquinolinyl, each substituted with zero to 1 R_(8a) and zero to 3 R_(8b); each R_(7c) is independently —CH₃ or —CH₂CN; R_(8a) is —OH, —CH₃, —CH₂CH₃, —CH(CH₃)₂, —C(CH₃)₃, —CH₂CH(CH₃)₂, —CH₂CH₂O CH₃, —CH₂CH₂CF₃, —C(O)CH₃, —CH₂(cyclopropyl), —CH₂(methyl phenyl), —(CH₂)₂₋₃(pyrrolidinyl), —CH₂(methylpyrazolyl), —CH₂(thiophenyl), —NR_(x)R_(x), cyclopentyl, methylpiperidinyl, or pyridinyl; each R_(8b) is —CH₃; each R_(x) is independently H or —CH₃; n is zero or 1; and p is zero, 1, 2, or
 3. 5. The compound according to claim 1, N-oxide, or a salt thereof, wherein R₇ is —CH₂R_(7a), —C(O)(CH₂)₁₋₃NH₂, —C(O)CH(NH₂)(C₁₋₄ alkyl), —C(O)CH(NH₂)(CH₂)₁₋₂C(O)OH, —C(O)CH(NH₂)(CH₂)₂₋₄NH₂, —C(O)CH(NH₂)(CH₂)₁₋₃C(O)NH₂, —C(O)CH(NH₂)R_(7a), —C(O)R_(7a), or R_(7a).
 6. The compound according to claim 1, N-oxide, or a salt thereof, wherein R₇ is C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl substituted with one substituent selected from —NR_(x)(CH₂)₂₋₃NR_(y)R_(y), —NR_(x)(methylpiperidinyl), —NR_(x)(CH₂)₂₋₃(morpholinyl), dimethylamino piperidinyl, and piperazinyl substituted with a substituent selected from C₁₋₄ alkyl, —C(O)CH₃, —(CH₂)₁₋₂OCH₃, —CH₂(methylphenyl), —(CH₂)₂₋₃(pyrrolidinyl), C₃₋₆ cycloalkyl, pyridinyl, and methylpiperidinyl.
 7. The compound according to claim 1, N-oxide, or a salt thereof, wherein R₇ and R₈ together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached form a heterocyclic ring selected from azetidinyl, diazepanonyl, diazepanyl, diazaspiro[3.5]nonanyl, diazaspiro[5.5]undecanyl, imidazolyl, imidazolidinonyl, octahydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridinyl, piperazinyl, piperidinyl, pyrrolidinonyl, pyrrolidinyl, and pyrrolyl, wherein said heterocyclic ring is substituted with zero to 1 R_(7b) and zero to 2 R_(7c).
 8. (canceled)
 9. A pharmaceutical composition comprising a compound according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically-acceptable salt thereof; and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
 10. (canceled)
 11. (canceled)
 12. A method of treating an autoimmune disease or a chronic inflammatory disease, comprising administering to a mammalian patent a compound according to claim 1 or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein said autoimmune disease or chronic inflammatory disease is selected from systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis (MS), and Sjögren's syndrome.
 13. The compound according to claim 1, N-oxide, or a salt thereof, wherein said compound is: (R)—N-(3-isopropyl-2-(1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)pyrrolidine-3-carboxamide (9); (S)—N-(3-isopropyl-2-(1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl) pyrrolidine-3-carboxamide (10); 2-amino-N-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)acetamide (11); 4-amino-N-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)butanamide (12); N-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl) pyrrolidine-3-carboxamide (13); (R)-2-amino-N-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)pentanamide (14); N-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)morpholine-2-carboxamide (15); (R)-2-amino-N-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-4-methylpentanamide (16); (2R,3R)-2-amino-N-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-3-methylpentanamide (17); (S)-2-amino-N1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)succinamide (18); (R)-2-amino-N1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)succinamide (19); (S)-2,5-diamino-N-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)pentanamide (20); (1R,2S)-2-amino-N-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)cyclohexane-1-carboxamide (21); (R)-2-amino-N1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)pentanediamide (22); (S)-2,6-diamino-N-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)hexanamide (23); (S)-4-amino-5-((2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)amino)-5-oxopentanoic acid (24); (S)-2-amino-N-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-2-phenylacetamide (25); (S)-2-amino-2-cyclohexyl-N-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)acetamide (26); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-N,3-diethyl-N-(1′-methyl-1,4′-bipiperidin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-amine (28); N1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-N4-(2-(methylamino)ethyl)cyclohexane-1,4-diamine (30-31); N1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-N4-(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)cyclohexane-1,4-diamine (32-33); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-N-(4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)cyclohexyl)-1H-indol-5-amine (34); N1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-N4-(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)-N4-methylcyclohexane-1,4-diamine (35); N1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-N4-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)cyclohexane-1,4-diamine (36-37); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(4-(4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)cyclohexyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-amine (38-39); N1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-N4-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)cyclohexane-1,4-diamine (40-41); N1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-N4-(3-(dimethylamino)propyl)-N4-methylcyclohexane-1,4-diamine (42-43); 1-(4-(4-((2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)amino) cyclohexyl)piperazin-1-yl)ethan-1-one (44-45); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(4-(4-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl)cyclohexyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-amine (46); N1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-N4-(2-morpholinoethyl)cyclohexane-1,4-diamine (47-48); N-(4-(4-(tert-butyl)piperazin-1-yl)cyclohexyl)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-amine (49-50); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(4-(4-isobutylpiperazin-1-yl)cyclohexyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-amine (51-53); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-N-(4-(4-(2-methoxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl)cyclohexyl)-1H-indol-5-amine (54); N1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-N4-(3-morpholinopropyl)cyclohexane-1,4-diamine (55-56); N-(4-(4-cyclopentylpiperazin-1-yl) cyclohexyl)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-amine (57-58); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-N-(4-(4-(pyridin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)cyclohexyl)-1H-indol-5-amine (59-60); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-N-(4-(4-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)cyclohexyl)-1H-indol-5-amine (61-62); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-N-(4-(4-(2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl)piperazin-1-yl) cyclohexyl)-1H-indol-5-amine (63-64); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-N-(4-(4-(4-methylbenzyl)piperazin-1-yl)cyclohexyl)-1H-indol-5-amine (65-66); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-N-(4-(4-(3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)propyl)piperazin-1-yl) cyclohexyl)-1H-indol-5-amine (67); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-N-(1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-amine (103); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-N-methyl-N-((1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)methyl)-1H-indol-5-amine (104); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-N-(4-(2-(ethylamino)ethoxy)phenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-amine (105); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-N-(4-(2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethoxy) phenyl)-1H-indol-5-amine (106); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-N-((7-isopropyl-7-azaspiro[3.5]nonan-2-yl)methyl)-1H-indol-5-amine (124); or 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-N-(1′-methyl-[1,4′-bipiperidin]-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-amine (125).
 14. The compound according to claim 1 or a salt thereof, wherein said compound is: 1-(3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)-3-((2-(methylamino)ethyl) amino) pyrrolidin-2-one (1); 3-((2-aminoethyl)(methyl)amino)-1-(3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)pyrrolidin-2-one (2); 1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-3-(dimethylamino) pyrrolidin-2-one (3-4); 1-(2-(2,6-dimethylpyridin-4-yl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-3-(4-isopropylpiperazin-1-yl)pyrrolidin-2-one (5-6); 3-(2-(dimethylamino)ethoxy)-1-(3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl) pyrrolidin-2-one (7); 1-(3-isopropyl-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)imidazolidin-2-one (8); 1-(3-isopropyl-2-(1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)imidazolidin-2-one (27); 5-(3-(1,4-diazepan-1-yl)azetidin-1-yl)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indole (29); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-112-piperidin-4-yl) piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole (68); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-6-isopropyl-5-(4-(1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl) piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole (69); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (70); 2-(1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperidin-4-yl)-N,N-dimethylethan-1-amine (71); N1-(1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperidin-4-yl)-N2-methylethane-1,2-diamine (72); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(piperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (73); 4-(1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperidin-4-yl)morpholine (74); N1-(1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperidin-4-yl)-N2,N2-dimethylethane-1,2-diamine (75); N1-(1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperidin-4-yl)-N3,N3-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine (76-77); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-(4-(4-ethylpiperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indole (78); 1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-N-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl) piperidin-4-amine (79); 4-(1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl) piperidin-4-yl)-2,6-dimethylmorpholine (80); N1-(1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperidin-4-yl)-N1,N3,N3-trimethylpropane-1,3-diamine (81); 1-(4-(1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperidin-4-yl) piperazin-1-yl)ethan-1-one (82); 1′-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-N,N-dimethyl-[1,4′-bipiperidin]-4-amine (83); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-(4-(4-ethyl-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indole (84); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(4-isopropylpiperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (85); 1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-N-(2-morpholinoethyl) piperidin-4-amine (86); 5-(4-(4-(cyclopropylmethyl)piperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indole (87); 1-(4-(1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperidin-4-yl)-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)ethan-1-one (88); 1-(4-((1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperidin-4-yl)amino) piperidin-1-yl) ethan-1-one (89); 5-(4-(4-(tert-butyl)piperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indole (90); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-(4-(4-isobutylpiperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indole (91); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(4-(2-methoxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl) piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (92); 5-(4-(4-cyclopentylpiperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indole (93); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(4-(pyridin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (94); N-(1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperidin-4-yl)-1,2,2,6,6-pentamethylpiperidin-4-amine (95); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(1′-((1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methyl)-[4,4′-bipiperidin]-1-yl)-1H-indole (96); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(1′-(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)-[4,4′-bipiperidin]-1-yl)-1H-indole (97); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(1′-(thiophen-3-ylmethyl)-[4,4′-bipiperidin]-1-yl)-1H-indole (98); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(4-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl) piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (99); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(4-(2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl)piperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (100); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(4-(4-methylbenzyl) piperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (101); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(4-(3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)propyl)piperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (102); 1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-4-(2-(dimethylamino)ethyl)-1,4-diazepan-5-one (107); 1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-N,N-dimethylpiperidin-4-amine (108); 2-(4-amino-1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperidin-4-yl) acetonitrile (109); 2-(1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperidin-4-yl)propan-2-ol (110); 3-chloro-5-(5-(4-(dimethylamino)piperidin-1-yl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-2-yl)-1,4-dimethyl-114,215-pyridin-2-one (111); 2-(1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-4-(methylamino) piperidin-4-yl)acetonitrile (112); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(2-(pyridin-4-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (113); 2-((1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperidin-4-yl)oxy)-N,N-dimethylethan-1-amine (114); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethyl)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (115); 1-(1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperidin-4-yl)-4-hydroxypyrrolidin-2-one (116); 4-(1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-4-methylpiperidin-4-yl)morpholine (117); 6-benzyl-1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)octahydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridine (118); 1-(1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperidin-4-yl)-2-methyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (119); 1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-N,N-dimethylpyrrolidin-3-amine (120); 5-(4-(1,4-diazepan-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indole (121); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(1-isopropylazepan-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole (122); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(4-methyl-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (123); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole, TFA salt (126); 2-(4-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-N-methylethanamine (127); 4-(3-isopropyl-5-(piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (128); 2-(2,6-dimethoxypyridin-4-yl)-3-ethyl-5-(piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole (129); 4-(3-isopropyl-6-methyl-5-(piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (130); 5-([4,4′-bipiperidin]-1-yl)-2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-1H-indole (131); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-5-(4-(piperidin-4-yloxy)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (132); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(piperidin-4-yloxy)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (133); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-5-(4-((1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)oxy)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (134); 6-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)octahydro-1H-pyrrolo[3,4-b]pyridine (135); 2-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-2,6-diazaspiro[3.5]nonane (136); 2-(4-(3-ethyl-2-(2-methoxypyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-N-methylethan-1-amine (137); 2-(4-(3-isopropyl-2-(1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-N-methylethan-1-amine (138); 3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indole (139); 2-(4-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-N-methylethan-1-amine (140); 4-(3-methyl-5-(4-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (141); 3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-ethylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indole (142); 3-ethyl-2-(2-methoxypyridin-4-yl)-5-(4-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole (143); 2-(4-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-6-methyl-1H-indol-5-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-N-methylethan-1-amine (144); 4-(5-(4-(1-ethylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-3-methyl-1H-indol-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (145); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(pent-4-yn-1-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole (146); 3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indole (147); 3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-ethylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-(2-methoxypyridin-4-yl)-1H-indole (148); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-5-(4-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole (149); 2-(4-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-3,3-dimethylpiperazin-1-yl)-N-methylethan-1-amine (150); 4-(5-(4-(1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-3-methyl-1H-indol-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (151); 3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-isobutylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indole (152); 3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-(2-methoxypyridin-4-yl)-1H-indole (153); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole (154); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-(4-(1-ethylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-3-methyl-1H-indole (155); 2-(2,6-dimethoxypyridin-4-yl)-3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole (156); 4-(3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (157); 4-(5-(4-(1-isobutylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-3-methyl-1H-indol-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (158); 4-(3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (159); 3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-isobutylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-2-(2-methoxypyridin-4-yl)-1H-indole (160); 3-ethyl-2-(2-methoxypyridin-4-yl)-5-(4-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole (161); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole (162); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-ethylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole (163); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-(4-(1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-3-methyl-1H-indole (164); 4-(3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl)-1-methyl-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (165); 4-(3-isopropyl-5-(4-(1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl)-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridine (166); 4-(3-isopropyl-5-(4-(1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (167-168); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole (169); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-(4-(1-isobutylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-3-methyl-1H-indole (170); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-methyl-5-(4-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole (171); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-(2,2-dimethyl-4-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-3-ethyl-1H-indole (172); 2-(2,6-dimethoxypyridin-4-yl)-3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole (173-174); 4-(3-isopropyl-5-(4-(1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-6-methyl-1H-indol-2-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (175); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-5-(4-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole (176); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-isobutylpiperidin-4-yl)piperazin-1-yl)-1H-indole (177); 2-(4-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)-N-methylethan-1-amine (178); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)-1H-indole (179); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-5-(4-(1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl)-1,4-diazepan-1-yl)-1H-indole (180); 3-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-9-methyl-3,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecane (181); 3-ethyl-5-(4-((1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl)oxy)piperidin-1-yl)-2-(2-methylpyridin-4-yl)-1H-indole (182); 3-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-9-isopropyl-3,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecane (183); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (184); 4-(3-ethyl-5-(4-((1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl)oxy)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indol-2-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[3,4-b]pyridine (185); 3-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-6-methyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-9-isopropyl-3,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecane (186); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-5-(4-((1-methylpiperidin-4-yl)oxy)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (187); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-5-(4-((1-ethylpiperidin-4-yl)oxy)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (188); 3-((1-methyl-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methyl)-9-(3-methyl-2-(1H-pyrrolo[2,3-b]pyridin-4-yl)-1H-indol-5-yl)-3,9-diazaspiro[5.5]undecane (189); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-5-(4-((1-ethylpiperidin-4-yl)oxy)piperidin-1-yl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indole (190); 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-5-(4-((1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl)oxy)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (191); 1-(2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-isopropyl-1H-indol-5-yl)-N-(1-isopropylpiperidin-4-yl)piperidin-4-amine (192); or 2-(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl)-3-ethyl-5-(4-((2′,2′,6′,6′-tetramethyl-[1,4′-bipiperidin]-4-yl) oxy)piperidin-1-yl)-1H-indole (193). 